Constrictive pericarditis in the twenty-first century: An old disease revisited

Table 2 Comparative diagnostic performance of multimodality imaging in constrictive pericarditis

Finding	Echocardiography	CT scan	CMR
Pericardial thickening	Useful, TEE better, less commonly used	Very useful, best for demonstrating calcification	Very useful
Pericardial calcification	Useful	Very useful	Less useful
Inflammation	Less useful, limited ability	Less useful, may be possible with late iodine enhancement	Less useful, best modality
Tissue characterization	Less useful, limited ability	Less useful, limited ability	Very useful, best modality
Respirophasic ventricular septal shift	Useful, commonly used	Less useful	Very useful
IVC dilatation	Very useful, commonly used	Very useful	Very useful
Physiology, MV medial e’, hepatic vein flow reversal	Very useful, commonly used	Less useful, limited ability	Very useful, less commonly used
Current indication	First-line imaging modality	Second-line, if echo is inconclusive	Second-line, if echo is inconclusive

CMR: Cardiac magnetic resonance; CT: Computed tomography; IVC: Inferior vena cava; MV: Mitral valve; TEE: Transesophageal echocardiography.