Left and right ventricular echocardiographic patterns in cardiogenic pulmonary edema: An exploratory retrospective study

Table 5 Echocardiographic parameters according to inotropic support requirement

Parameter	No inotrope, median (IQR)	Inotrope, median (IQR)	P value
E/E’	12.02 (10.62-14.33)	13.61 (9.38-18.17)	0.874
TAPSE (mm)	19.50 (17.75-26.25)	19.50 (17.75-20.50)	0.448
S RV (cm/second)	12.00 (10.00-13.20)	10.00 (8.25-11.75)	0.339
S LV (cm/second)	6.90 (5.97-7.50)	6.75 (6.12-8.00)	0.973
S LV/S RV	0.60 (0.50-0.71)	0.73 (0.59-0.93)	0.393
LVEF (%)	38.50 (26.75-52.00)	29.50 (20.75-42.25)	0.449
LVOT VTI (cm)	16.20 (13.38-19.00)	14.50 (13.97-16.50)	0.792

Continuous variables are presented as median and interquartile range. Patients were classified according to the need for inotropic support during hospitalization (no inotropic support vs inotropic support). Comparisons between groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. A two-sided P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. E/E’ is ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity. LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction (biplane Simpson method); LVOT VTI: Left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral; S LV: Systolic velocity of the lateral mitral annulus; S RV: Systolic velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus; TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; IQR: Interquartile range.