Superior vena cava isolation is associated with improved outcomes in atrial fibrillation ablation

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the patients included

Ref.	Country	Total number of patients	Follow up (months)	Atrial fibrillation type	Age1	Left atrium diameter (mm)	Gender (male)	CHA2DS2-VASC/CHADS2 score
Wang et al[18], 2008	China	106	4 ± 2	100% paroxysmal	66.0 ± 8.8	32.85 ± 8.96	52.8%	NR
Corrado et al[19], 2010	Italy	320	12	46% paroxysmal; 23% persistent; 31% long-standing persistent AF	56 ± 4.25	45.76 ± 0.94	67.8%	NR
Da Costa et al[20], 2015	France	100	15 ± 8	100% paroxysmal	56 ± 9	42 ± 2	83%	0.9 ± 1
Muto et al[21], 2007	Japan	95	6	100% paroxysmal	58.47 ± 11	35 ± 5	54.7%	NR
Higuchi et al[10], 2010	Japan	60	12	76.67% paroxysmal; 23.33% persistent	59.2 ± 10	38 ± 4.67	76.67%	NR
Takigawa et al[22], 2017	Japan	865	53.5 ± 39.1	100% paroxysmal	61 ± 10	36.62 ± 5.14	77.46%	0.8 ± 1 (CHADSC score)
Overeinder et al[23], 2021	Belgium	100	12	100% paroxysmal	55.3 ± 5.84	32.85 ± 8.96	68%	1 ± 1
Dong et al[24], 2024	China, Singapore	130	12	100% paroxysmal	58.1 ± 4.7	37.85 ± 3.67	72.0%	1 ± 1
Shen et al[26], 2025	China	302	20	100% paroxysmal	64 (56.0-70.0)	NR	54.6%	2.4 ± 1

¹mean ± SD, median, and interquartile range.

AF: Atrial fibrillation; NR: Not reported.