Vascular rings in a tertiary care center: A retrospective review of clinical presentations and interventions

Table 2 Operative and postoperative data of patients with vascular rings

Patient	Surgical technique	Dominant arch (for DAA)	Cardiopulmonary bypass used	Hospital stays (day)	Persistent feeding difficulties	Persistent respiratory symptoms
1	Left posterolateral thoracotomy with division of the ligamentum arteriosum and ligation/division of LAA after delineation of both arches	Right	No	9	No	Yes
2	Median sternotomy with ligation and transection of a long PDA (originating from the aberrant subclavian); banding of main pulmonary artery	Right	Yes	19	No	No
3	Left posterolateral thoracotomy with division of ligamentum arteriosum and ligation/division of abnormal posterior aortic arch	N/A	No	19	No	Yes
4	Median sternotomy with ligation and transection of a long PDA (originating from the aberrant subclavian), and main pulmonary artery banding. Airway was mobilized (trachea/proximal bronchi) after ring release	N/A	No	20	Yes	Yes
5	Left thoracotomy with ligation/transection of the fibrotic PDA followed by transection of the left arch/isthmus (below LSA), with stump management (pleural coverage and posterior fixation of distal stump away from the trachea)	N/A	No	5	No	No
6	Median sternotomy with cardiopulmonary bypass; division/transection of ligamentum arteriosum to relieve the vascular ring, with concomitant ASD closure	Right	Yes	18	No	No
7	Median sternotomy with ligation and transection of the fibrotic PDA to improve exposure and facilitate repair, followed by mobilization, division at origin, and translocation of the aberrant right subclavian artery with end-to-side anastomosis to the right common carotid; the proximal stump was tucked laterally to minimize risk of residual esophageal compression	N/A	No	7	No	No
8	Left posterolateral thoracotomy with transection of the nondominant LAA segment to relieve the vascular ring	Right	Yes	7	No	Yes

DAA: Double aortic arch; LAA: Left aortic arch; ASD: Atrial septal defect; PDA: Patent ductus arteriosus; N/A: Not applicable.