Daming capsule combined with SGLT2i confers protection against diabetes with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury induced ferroptosis via AMPK

Figure 8 Diagram of sodium-dependent glucose transporters 2 inhibitor and daming capsule protect diabetic myocardial ischemia-reperfusion through adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathway. Daming capsule, in synergy with sodium-dependent glucose transporters 2 inhibitor, reduced lipid droplet accumulation through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, mitigated oxidative stress and thereby effectively inhibited diabetes mellitus with ischemia-reperfusion induced ferroptosis. DMC: Daming capsule; SGLT2i: Sodium-dependent glucose transporters 2 inhibitor; AMPK: Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; p-AMPK: Phospho-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; 4-HNE: 4-hydroxynonenal; GPX4: Glutathione peroxidase 4; FTH1: Ferritin heavy chain 1; GSH: Glutathione; GS-SH: Glutathione persulfide; DM: Diabetes mellitus; I/R: Ischemia-reperfusion.