Metformin fails to prevent diabetes in non-diabetic cardiovascular patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis

doi:10.4330/wjc.v18.i4.115712

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World Journal of Cardiology

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1949-8462

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World J Cardiol. Apr 26, 2026; 18(4): 115712
Published online Apr 26, 2026. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v18.i4.115712

Table 2 Characteristics of participants

Ref.	Sample size	Gender %, male/female	Mean age in years	Ethnicities (%)	Mean baseline BMI (I/ C)	Risk factors for T2DM
Ref.	Sample size	Gender %, male/female	Mean age in years	Ethnicities (%)	Mean baseline BMI (I/ C)	Overall	Potential coexistence
Preiss et al[22], 2014	173	54.5/45.5	63.5	Caucasian (100)	30.2/30.5	CHD, central adiposity, obesity	N/A
Lexis et al[23], 2015	346	13.0/87.0	58.1	Caucasian (97), Asian (2.0), African (1.0)	32.2/31.9	CAD (STEMI), obesity	N/A
Hartman et al[24], 2017	379	75.0/25.0	58.1	Caucasian (97.0), Asian (2.0), African (1.0)	26.5/26.9	CAD (STEMI), overweight	N/A
Mohan et al[25], 2019	68	47.0/53.0	64.5	Caucasians (100)	26.5/26.9	CAD, overweight	Prediabetes, HY

BMI: Body mass index; I: Intervention; C: Control; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; CHD: Coronary heart disease; CAD: Coronary artery disease; STEMI: ST elevation myocardial infraction; HY: Hypertension.

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Citation: Tsironikos GΙ, Zakynthinos GΕ, Kyprianidou D, Rammou V, Antonogiannis T, Bargiota A, Zakynthinos E, Tsolaki V. Metformin fails to prevent diabetes in non-diabetic cardiovascular patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Cardiol 2026; 18(4): 115712
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8462/full/v18/i4/115712.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v18.i4.115712

Tsironikos GΙ, Zakynthinos GΕ, Kyprianidou D, Rammou V, Antonogiannis T, Bargiota A, Zakynthinos E, Tsolaki V. Metformin fails to prevent diabetes in non-diabetic cardiovascular patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Cardiol 2026; 18(4): 115712 [DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v18.i4.115712]

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