Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with vasospastic angina

doi:10.4330/wjc.v18.i3.116661

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World Journal of Cardiology

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1949-8462

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Cardiol. Mar 26, 2026; 18(3): 116661
Published online Mar 26, 2026. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v18.i3.116661

Table 4 Results of coronary angiography and spasm provocation test, n (%)

	FMD-H group	FMD-L group	P value
CAG
Atherosclerotic lesion	59 (48)	60 (50)	0.800
MB	17 (14)	19 (16)	0.679
SPT
Starting from LCA or RCA	35/88	45/76	0.146
Provocation induced by LDA	28 (23)	26 (21)	0.810
TOC during SPT	4 (3)	10 (8)	0.092
ST elevation during SPT	10 (8)	18 (15)	0.098
Unavoidable use of NTG	35 (30)	35 (31)	0.828
	n = 118	n = 113
Focal spasm	39 (32)	52 (43)	0.069
MVS	73 (67)	69 (66)	0.923
	n = 109	n = 104
Location of coronary spasm
LAD	108 (95)	109 (96)	0.527
	n = 114	n = 113
LCX	33 (29)	18 (16)	0.017
	n = 114	n = 113
RCA	73 (66)	70 (67)	0.889
	n = 111	n = 105

FMD-H: High-flow-mediated dilation; FMD-L: Low-flow-mediated dilation; CAG: Coronary angiography; MB: Myocardial bridging; SPT: Spasm provocation test; LCA: Left coronary artery; RCA: Right coronary artery; LDA: Low-dose acetylcholine; TOC: Transient occlusion; NTG: Nitroglycerin; MVS: Multivessel spasm; LAD: Left anterior descending coronary artery; LCX: Left circumflex coronary artery.

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Citation: Teragawa H, Hashimoto Y, Tsuchiya A, Nomura S. Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with vasospastic angina. World J Cardiol 2026; 18(3): 116661
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8462/full/v18/i3/116661.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v18.i3.116661

Teragawa H, Hashimoto Y, Tsuchiya A, Nomura S. Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with vasospastic angina. World J Cardiol 2026; 18(3): 116661 [DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v18.i3.116661]

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