Phenomenon of “de Winter” pattern, sign, or syndrome: A systematic scoping review and data analysis

Table 3 De Winter pattern and cardiac arrest (n = 16)

Ref.	Years	Comment	Outcome
Ghazali et al[4]	2020	Chest pain > > dW pattern followed by cardiac arrest > > STEMI	Survived
Tomcsányi et al[22]	2022	Chest pain > > simultaneous dW pattern and STE > cardiac arrest > > Stenting	Survived
Missaoui et al[45]	2020	Chest pain > > dW pattern with STE aVR > > thrombolytic agent > > > cardiac arrest > > stenting	Survived
John et al[46]	2020	Chest pain > > dW pattern > > STEMI > > cardiac arrest > > PCI	Survived
Fernandez-Vega et al[47]	2017	Cardiac arrest > > dW pattern > > PCI	Survived
Carr et al[48]	2016	Chest pain > > STD > > ECG normalization > > cardiac arrest > > dW pattern > > PCI	Survived
Alhatemi et al[49]	2024	Chest pain > > hyperacute T waves > > cardiac arrest > > dW pattern > > PCI	Survived
Wismiyarso et al[50]	2021	Chest pain > > dW pattern > > cardiac arrest > > ECG normalized after defibrillation > > PCI	Survived
Plane et al[51]	2019	Cardiac arrest > > dW pattern > > CAG and thrombus aspiration	Survived
Shepherd and Furiato[52]	2020	Chest pain > > dW pattern > > cardiac arrest > > PCI	Survived
Liu and Wang[53]	2020	Chest pain > > cardiac arrest > > STEMI > > dW pattern > > PCI	Survived
Rujuta et al[54]	2024	Chest pain > > dW pattern > > cardiac arrest > > Q waves and accelerated idioventricular rhythm > > Cardiogenic shock > > IABP > > PCI	Survived
Wang et al[56]	2022	Chest pain > > cardiac arrest > > dW pattern > > cardiac arrest > > STEMI > > PCI	Survived
Tang et al[13]	2024	2/12 dW pattern patients developed sudden cardiac arrest	Survived
Alireza et al[11]	2025	2/967 (7%) dW pattern > > VF	Not mentioned

dW: De Winter; STEMI: ST-elevation myocardial infarction; STE: ST-elevation; aVR: Augmented vector right; PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; STD: ST-segment depression; ECG: Electrocardiographic; CAG: Coronary angiography; IABP: Intra-aortic balloon pump; VF: Ventricular fibrillation.