Diurnal temperature range, daily mean temperature, and incident cardiovascular disease in older adults: A longitudinal cohort study

Table 2 Cox regression models for the association of mean diurnal temperature range and mean daily mean temperature with incident cardiovascular disease risk

Exposure	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
mDTR (per 1 SD)	1.04 (1.03, 1.06)	< 0.001	1.04 (1.03, 1.06)	< 0.001	1.05 (1.03, 1.06)	< 0.001	1.06 (1.05, 1.08)	< 0.001
mDTR quartiles
Q1	Ref		Ref		Ref
Q2	1.51 (1.25, 1.83)	< 0.001	1.52 (1.26, 1.84)	< 0.001	1.51 (1.24, 1.83)	< 0.001	1.30 (1.06, 1.58)	0.011
Q3	1.92 (1.60, 2.32)	< 0.001	1.93 (1.60, 2.33)	< 0.001	1.94 (1.61, 2.35)	< 0.001	1.90 (1.58, 2.30)	< 0.001
Q4	1.81 (1.49, 2.19)	< 0.001	1.83 (1.51, 2.21)	< 0.001	1.88 (1.55, 2.28)	< 0.001	2.02 (1.67, 2.46)	< 0.001
P for trend		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
mDMT (per 1 SD)	0.94 (0.93, 0.95)	< 0.001	0.94 (0.93, 0.95)	< 0.001	0.94 (0.93, 0.96)	< 0.001	0.94 (0.93, 0.95)	< 0.001
mDMT quartiles
Q1	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Q2	0.77 (0.66, 0.90)	0.001	0.76 (0.65, 0.89)	< 0.001	0.77 (0.65, 0.90)	0.001	0.69 (0.58, 0.82)	< 0.001
Q3	0.61 (0.51, 0.72)	< 0.001	0.60 (0.51, 0.72)	< 0.001	0.61 (0.51, 0.73)	< 0.001	0.60 (0.51, 0.72)	< 0.001
Q4	0.40 (0.33, 0.48)	< 0.001	0.39 (0.32, 0.47)	< 0.001	0.41 (0.34, 0.49)	< 0.001	0.44 (0.36, 0.53)	< 0.001
P for trend		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001

Model 1: Crude model.

Model 2: Adjusted for age and sex.

Model 3: Adjusted for age, sex, education, wealth, residence, marital status, smoking, drinking, and body mass index.

Model 4: Adjusted for age, sex, education, wealth, residence, marital status, smoking, drinking, body mass index, and fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm.

Continuous analyses were scaled per 1 SD increase.

SD: Standard deviation; mDTR: Mean diurnal temperature range; mDMT: Mean daily mean temperature; HR: Hazard ratio.