Myocardial ischemia in nonobstructive coronary arteries: A review of diagnostic dilemmas, current perspectives, and emerging therapeutic innovations

Table 9 Optical coherence tomography findings and diagnoses in myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries

OCT finding	Description
Plaque rupture	Defined by the presence of fibrous cap discontinuity with a cavity formation within the plaque
Plaque erosion	Presence of thrombus overlying an intact plaque, without rupture
Calcific nodule	Disruption of the fibrous cap and/or thrombus overlying a calcified plaque with protruding calcification into the lumen
Lone thrombus	Presence of thrombus overlying an intact coronary arterial wall, without any visible plaque rupture or erosion
Coronary artery spasm	Characterized by intimal bumping with a larger medial area and medial thickness
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection	Separation of the intimal layer from the outer vessel wall with a blood column between the two

OCT: Optical coherence tomography.