©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Cardiol. Oct 26, 2025; 17(10): 111870
Published online Oct 26, 2025. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v17.i10.111870
Published online Oct 26, 2025. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v17.i10.111870
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction patients ≥ 75 years by frailty category (n = 456690), n (%)
| Variable | Low frailty | Intermediate frailty | High frailty | P value |
| Frailty category (distribution) | 173330 (37.95) | 231590 (50.71) | 51770 (11.34) | |
| Female | 78657 (45.38) | 111047 (47.95) | 26439 (51.07) | < 0.001 |
| Male | 94673 (54.62) | 120543 (52.05) | 25331 (48.93) | < 0.001 |
| Race | < 0.001 | |||
| White | 138716 (80.03) | 177282 (76.55) | 37430 (72.30) | |
| Black | 12393 (7.15) | 20334 (8.78) | 5394 (10.42) | |
| Hispanic | 12532 (7.23) | 19129 (8.26) | 5042 (9.74) | |
| Asian/Pacific islander | 4998 (2.88) | 8522 (3.68) | 2362 (4.56) | |
| Native American | 797 (0.46) | 810 (0.35) | 129 (0.25) | |
| Race: Other | 3911 (2.26) | 5513 (2.38) | 1413 (2.74) | |
| Income quartile | < 0.001 | |||
| USD 1-USD 47999 (Q1) | 46698 (26.96) | 65692 (28.36) | 14653 (28.30) | |
| USD 48000-USD 60999 (Q2) | 47884 (27.63) | 61937 (26.74) | 13093 (25.30) | |
| USD 61000-81999 (Q3) | 42807 (24.69) | 55572 (24.01) | 12408 (23.97) | |
| ≥ USD 82000 (Q4) | 35941 (20.73) | 48090 (20.89) | 11616 (22.43) | |
| Hospital region | < 0.001 | |||
| Northeast | 32565 (18.78) | 40319 (17.42) | 8196 (15.82) | |
| Midwest | 37023 (21.37) | 51032 (22.03) | 12217 (23.59) | |
| South | 69335 (40.03) | 92377 (39.87) | 20973 (40.50) | |
| West | 34399 (19.82) | 47862 (20.69) | 10384 (20.09) | |
| Hospital location | < 0.001 | |||
| Rural | 17350 (10.01) | 22559 (9.74) | 4297 (8.30) | |
| Urban non-teaching | 33846 (19.54) | 45161 (19.49) | 9847 (19.02) | |
| Urban teaching | 122134 (70.45) | 163870 (70.76) | 37626 (72.69) | |
| Hospital bed size | 0.4382 | |||
| Small | 41278 (23.82) | 54223 (23.41) | 12309 (23.77) | |
| Medium | 53416 (30.82) | 71741 (30.98) | 16472 (31.83) | |
| Large | 78636 (45.35) | 105626 (45.61) | 22989 (44.40) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index | < 0.001 | |||
| Index: 1 | 29286 (16.90) | 10362 (4.47) | 1403 (2.71) | |
| Index: 2 | 41525 (23.97) | 29847 (12.89) | 4859 (9.39) | |
| Index: 3 | 102519 (59.12) | 191381 (82.64) | 45497 (87.90) | |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 154965 (89.40) | 208460 (90.01) | 44895 (86.72) | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 129420 (74.70) | 153680 (66.36) | 29790 (57.54) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 68680 (39.60) | 106650 (46.05) | 22445 (43.36) | < 0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 54655 (31.50) | 91210 (39.38) | 22065 (42.62) | < 0.001 |
| Atrial flutter | 6360 (3.67) | 10130 (4.37) | 2210 (4.27) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 45745 (26.39) | 116275 (50.21) | 27225 (52.59) | < 0.001 |
| HFrEF | 32635 (18.83) | 59320 (25.61) | 11965 (23.11) | < 0.001 |
| HFpEF | 23630 (13.63) | 46060 (19.89) | 9905 (19.13) | < 0.001 |
| Obesity | 22765 (13.13) | 29365 (12.68) | 5260 (10.16) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking | 58485 (33.74) | 80570 (34.79) | 13520 (26.12) | < 0.001 |
| Cannabis use | 350 (0.20) | 480 (0.21) | 70 (0.14) | < 0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 16150 (9.32) | 25230 (10.89) | 4675 (9.03) | < 0.001 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 15325 (8.84) | 20245 (8.74) | 3115 (6.02) | < 0.001 |
| Cerebral infarct | 980 (0.57) | 8325 (3.59) | 6735 (13.01) | < 0.001 |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | 370 (0.21) | 1770 (0.76) | 1235 (2.39) | < 0.001 |
| COPD | 29870 (17.23) | 57500 (24.83) | 11700 (22.60) | < 0.001 |
| Depression | 11630 (6.71) | 24685 (10.66) | 6150 (11.88) | < 0.001 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| PCI | 60682 (35.03) | 38926 (16.79) | 3894 (7.51) | < 0.001 |
| AKI | 22178 (12.81) | 116223 (50.17) | 37091 (71.66) | < 0.001 |
| AKI requiring dialysis | 173 (0.10) | 5740 (2.44) | 2855 (5.40) | < 0.001 |
| ARF | 19737 (11.37) | 100938 (43.54) | 29270 (56.54) | < 0.001 |
| ARF requiring mechanical ventilation | 1851 (1.03) | 22222 (9.59) | 8107 (19.49) | < 0.001 |
| Pulmonary edema | 1858 (1.02) | 4913 (2.12) | 1219 (2.26) | < 0.001 |
| Transient ischemic attack | 584 (0.34) | 1542 (0.66) | 420 (0.79) | < 0.001 |
| Stroke | 983 (0.57) | 8521 (3.59) | 6774 (13.01) | < 0.001 |
| Cardiogenic shock | 4492 (2.58) | 22898 (9.88) | 6578 (12.79) | < 0.001 |
| Cardiogenic shock requiring MCS | 1085 (0.63) | 3995 (1.73) | 675 (1.3) | < 0.001 |
| Cardiac arrest | 2729 (1.57) | 13061 (5.73) | 4083 (7.86) | < 0.001 |
| Hypotension | 6852 (3.91) | 27516 (11.95) | 8725 (16.81) | < 0.001 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 2064 (1.19) | 5402 (2.31) | 1434 (2.73) | < 0.001 |
| Delirium | 293 (0.17) | 6670 (2.93) | 4799 (9.24) | < 0.001 |
| Bleed complication | 11992 (6.90) | 32802 (14.17) | 10421 (20.13) | < 0.001 |
| Major bleeding | 2826 (1.65) | 9548 (4.09) | 3259 (6.26) | < 0.001 |
- Citation: Popat A, Vempati R, Kodali LSM, Sai Santhosha Mrudula A, Haddad F, Jain A, Krishnamoorthy G, Sharma P. Frailty status and outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention in elderly patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. World J Cardiol 2025; 17(10): 111870
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8462/full/v17/i10/111870.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v17.i10.111870