Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor in heart failure patients and their outcomes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Table 2 Baseline demographics of subjects in each trial included in our study, mean ± SD/median (25^th-75^th percentiles)

Type of SGLT2 inhibitor	EMPEROR-preserved		EMPEROR-reduced		EMPULSE		SOLOIST-WHF		VERTIS-CV
	Empagliflozin	Placebo	Empagliflozin	Placebo	Empagliflozin	Placebo	Sotagliflozin	Placebo	Ertugliflozin	Placebo
HF patients	5988		3730		530		1222		1958
Drug group	2997	2991	1863	1867	265	265	608	614	1286	672
Age (years)	71.8 (9.3)	71.9 (9.6)	67.2 (10.8)	66.5 (11.2)	71 (62-78)	70 (59-78)	69 (63-76)	70 (64-76)	64.2 (7.9)	64.7 (7.8)
Female (%)	44.6	44.7	23.5	24.4	32.5	35.1	32.6	34.9	30.7	34.1
BMI (kg/m2)	29.77 (5.8)	29.9 (5.9)	28 (5.5)	27.8 (5.3)	28.3 (24.5-32.5)	29.1 (24.7-33.6)	30.4 (26.3-34.3)	31.1 (27.3-34.5)	32.5 (5.5)	32.7 (5.2)
White (%)	76.3	75.4	71.1	69.8	79.6	76.2	93.3	93.2
Black (%)	4.4	4.2	6.6	7.2	7.9	12.5	4.1	4.1
Asian (%)	13.8	13.7	18.1	17.9	12.1	9.4	1.3	1.1
Other (%)	5.5	6.7	4.2	5	0.4	1.5	1.3	1.7
NYHA II (%)	81.1	81.9	75.1	75	35.8	34.3	45.2		65.2	67.1
NYHA III (%)	18.4	17.8	24.4	24.4	50.6	54.7	45.8		7.9	5.5
NYHA IV (%)	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.6	9.8	8.7	4.4		0.1	0
LVEF (%)	54.3 (8.8)	54.3 (8.8)	27.7 (6)	27.2 (6.1)	31 (23-45)	32 (22.5-49)	35 (28-47)	35 (28-45)
T2DM (%)	48.9	49.2	49.8	49.8	46.8	43.8	100	100
HTN (%)	90.8	90.4	72.4	72.3	77.4	83.4			93.2	93.9
CAD (%)	35		45.0	41.9	29.4	29.4			83.7	84.1
AF/flutter (%)	51.5	50.6	37.7	39.5	50.6	48.3
Loop diuretic (%)	77.4	77.5	84.8	85.4	87.9	77	95.4	94.6	28.9	30.8
Beta blocker (%)	86.7	85.9	94.7	94.7	80.4	78.5	92.8	91.4	78.7	79.9
ACEi (%)	40.2				33.2	33.6	41.8	39.3
ARB (%)	38.7				24.2	19.6	40.3	44
ACEi or ARB (%)			70.5	68.9
ARNI (%)	2.2	2.3	18.3	20.7	13.6	17	15.3	18.2
MRA (%)	37.3	37.6	70.1	72.6	57	47.2	66.3	62.7	19.7	16.8

HF: Heart failure; BMI: Body mass index; NYHA: New York heart association; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellites; HTN: Hypertension; CAD: Coronary artery disease; AF: Atrial fibrillation; ARBs: Angiotensin receptor blockers; ACEi: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARNI: Angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor; MRA: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.