Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor in heart failure patients and their outcomes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Table 1 Baseline demographics of subjects in each trial included in our study, mean ± SD/median (25^th-75^th percentiles)

Type of SGLT2 inhibitor	DAPA-HF		DECLARE-TIMI 58		DELIVER trial		EMPA-REG outcome
	Dapagliflozin	Placebo	Dapagliflozin	Placebo	Dapagliflozin	Placebo	Empagliflozin	Placebo
HF patients	4744		1987		6263		706
Drug group	2373	2371	980	1007	3131	3132	462	244
Age (years)	66.2 (11)	66.5 (10.8)	64 (59-69)		71.8 (9.6)	71.5 (9.5)	64.5 (8.8)	64.5 (8.9)
Female (%)	23.8	23	33.7		43.6	44.2	30.7	28.3
BMI (kg/m2)	28.2 (6)	28.1 (5.9)	32.6 (29.1-37.1)		29.8 (6.2)	29.9 (6.1)	31.9 (5.6)	32.3 (5.4)
White (%)	70	70.5			70.7	71	81.4	82
Black (%)	5.1	4.4			2.6	2.5	7.1	7
Asian (%)	23.3	23.8			20.1	20.6	11.3	10.2
other (%)	1.6	1.3			6.6	5.9	0.2	0.8
NYHA II (%)	67.7	67.4	56.1		73.9	76.6
NYHA III (%)	31.5	31.7	7.8		25.8	23.1
NYHA IV (%)	0.8	1	0.5		0.3	0.3
LVEF (%)	31.2 (6.7)	30.9 (6.9)	49 (43-54)		54 (8.6)	54.3 (8.9)
T2DM (%)	41.8	41.8	100		44.7	44.9	100	100
HTN (%)	72.6	72.2	92.9		88	89.3	98.7	99.2
CAD (%)	42.2	43.4	89.8		29.8	30.8	83.3	85.7
AF/flutter (%)	38.6	38			56.1	57.3	16.5	17.6
Loop diuretic (%)	93.4	93.5	38.8		76.7	76.9	48.5	45.1
Beta blocker (%)	96	96.2	80.8		82.8	82.5	77.9	81.6
ACEi (%)	56.1	56.1			36.5	36.7
ARB (%)	28.4	26.7			36.2	36.4
ACEi or ARB (%)			86.2				87.9	84.4
ARNI (%)	10.5	10.9			5.3	4.3	0.6	0.4
MRA (%)	71.5	70.6	19.4		42.8	42.4	25.1	21.7

HF: Heart failure; BMI: Body mass index; NYHA: New York heart association; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellites; HTN: Hypertension; CAD: Coronary artery disease; AF: Atrial fibrillation; ARBs: Angiotensin receptor blockers; ACEi: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARNI: Angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor; MRA: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.