Sex and racial disparities in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related cardiovascular events: National inpatient sample analysis (2019)

Table 4 Adjusted odds of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, all-cause mortality, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, stroke by age, gender and race

Groups	MACCE		All-cause mortality		AMI		Cardiac arrest		Stroke
	aOR (95%CI)	P value	aOR (95%CI)	P value	aOR (95%CI)	P value	aOR (95%CI)	P value	aOR (95%CI)	P value
18-44	Reference	< 0.001	Reference	< 0.001	Reference	< 0.001	Reference	< 0.001	Reference	< 0.001
45-64	2.31 (2.06-2.59)		3.00 (2.42-3.72)		2.23 (1.87-2.66)		2.08 (1.55-2.80)		1.90 (1.52-2.38)
≥ 65	3.01 (2.61-3.47)		4.13 (3.11-5.48)		2.81 (2.29-3.45)		2.24 (1.52-3.31)		2.58 (1.96-3.39)
Male vs female	1.22 (1.14-1.30)		1.04 (0.92-1.18)	0.539	1.35 (1.24-1.48)	< 0.001	1.54 (1.26-1.88)	< 0.001	1.04 (0.01-1.19)	0.579
White	Reference	0.125	Reference	0.001	Reference	0.121	Reference	0.272	Reference	0.377
Black	1.00 (0.90-1.11)		0.89 (0.72-1.10)		0.95 (0.81-1.11)		1.16 (0.86-1.57)		1.25 (1.03-1.53)
Hispanic	0.88 (0.79-0.98)		0.69 (0.56-0.85)		0.93 (0.81-1.08)		0.75 (0.55-1.02)		1.07 (0.87-1.31)
Asian/Pacific Islander	1.06 (0.86-1.30)		1.18 (0.82-1.69)		1.06 (0.81-1.38)		0.77 (0.42-1.43)		0.99 (0.69-1.42)
NA	1.14 (0.81-1.61)		1.64 (1.04-2.60)		0.91 (0.53-1.56)		0.74 (0.25-2.15)		0.86 (0.41-1.81)
Others	1.11 (0.92-1.34)		0.91 (0.62-1.33)		1.33 (1.06-1.67)		1.05 (0.62-1.78)		0.99 (0.68-1.45)

Multivariable logistic regression was adjusted for baseline patient and hospital level characteristics, and relevant pre-existing cardiovascular and extra-cardiac comorbidities. AMI: Acute myocardial infarction; aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; MACCE: Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events.