Clinical impact of portal vein pulsatility on the prognosis of hospitalized patients with acute heart failure

Table 4 Biochemical and echocardiographic data of patients with heart failure categorized by portal vein pulsatility ratio at discharge

Parameter	PVPR-T1	PVPR-T2	PVPR-T3	P value
Age (yr)	81.3 ± 11.6	78.7 ± 13.7	76.6 ± 14.8	0.54
Male	11 (55)	8 (61)	14 (56)	0.92
Laboratory data
Albumin (mg/dL)	3.4 ± 0.7	3.5 ± 0.5	3.3 ± 0.4	0.84
AST (IU/L)	24 ± 8.7	22.1 ± 6.5	25.2 ± 24.5	0.85
ALT (IU/L)	20.6 ± 17.1	19.6 ± 11.1	17.2 ± 27.4	0.86
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.7 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.5	0.7 ± 0.3	0.08
BUN (mg/dL)	31.2 ± 13.1	24.8 ± 12.2	29.0 ± 14.0	0.34
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.5 ± 0.9	1.2 ± 0.6	1.5 ± 1.1	0.52
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)	39.4 ± 15.3	48.2 ± 15.6	46.9 ± 23.7	0.28
Hb (g/dL)	11.5 ± 2.4	13.0 ± 2.5	10.6 ± 2.0	0.08
BNP (pg/mL)	200 ± 178	350 ± 342	682 ± 1030	0.12
TTE
EF (%)	48 ± 13	42 ± 15	42 ± 17	0.40
TRPG (mmHg)	22.1 ± 5.2	27 ± 7.3	26.1 ± 10.9	0.24
TAPSE (mmHg)	22 ± 5.2	22.2 ± 7.5	21.9 ± 10.8	0.84
IVC (mm)	13.3 ± 2.6	14.7 ± 3.0	14.9 ± 3.1	0.21

Data are n (%) or mean ± SD. AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; BNP: Brain natriuretic peptide; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; EF: Ejection fraction; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; Hb: Hemoglobin; IVC: Inferior vena cava; TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TRPG: Tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient; TTE: Transthoracic echocardiography; PVPR-T1: 0 ≤ portal vein pulsatility ratio ≤ 0.08; PVPR-T2: 0.08 < portal vein pulsatility ratio ≤ 0.21; PVPR-T3: 0.21 > portal vein pulsatility ratio.