Cardiometabolic risk factors in young Indian men and their association with parameters of insulin resistance and beta-cell function

Table 2 Comparison of cardiometabolic and glycaemic variables for men depending upon different categories of insulin resistance

Variable	Quartile 1 HOMA-IR < 25th percentile of total cohort n = 158	Quartile 2-3 HOMA-IR 25th to 75th percentile of total cohort n = 319	Quartile 4 HOMA-IR > 75th percentile of total cohort n = 158	P valuea
Age (yr)	33.9 ± 5.0	33.8 ± 5.0	34.1 ± 5.2	0.775
Family H/O diabetes	45 (28.5)	124 (38.9)	76 (48.1)	0.002
BMI (kg/m2)	23.3 ± 3.4	26.1 ± 3.2	28.5 ± 4.0	< 0.001
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2	53 (33.5)	204 (64.0)	131 (82.9)	< 0.001
Waist circumference (cm)	87.2 ± 8.9	94.4 ± 7.9	100.6 ± 9.0	< 0.001
Waist circumference ≥ 90 cm	66 (41.8)	239 (74.9)	143 (91.7)	< 0.001
Systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg	7 (4.4)	18 (5.6)	21 (13.4)	0.003
Diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg	17 (10.8)	49 (15.4)	45 (28.7)	< 0.001
Hypertension	19 (12.0)	53 (16.6)	51 (32.5)	< 0.001
Total cholesterol ≥ 5.2 mmol/L	23 (14.6)	108 (33.9)	62 (39.5)	< 0.001
LDL-C ≥ 2.6 mmol/L	60 (38.0)	207 (64.9)	111 (70.7)	< 0.001
HDL-C < 1.03 mmol/L	70 (44.3)	169 (53.0)	97 (61.8)	0.008
Triacylglycerol ≥ 1.7 mmol/L	40 (25.3)	150 (47.0)	91 (58.0)	< 0.001
The metabolic syndrome	22 (13.9)	131 (41.1)	105 (66.5)	< 0.001
HOMA-IR (mmol/L × µIU/mL)	1.3 (1.0-1.6)	2.7 (2.3-3.2)	5.6 (4.6-7.3)	< 0.001
Insulinogenic index (pmolins/mmolglu)	139.3 (85.0-218.0)	233.0 (136.4-362.0)	225.2 (99.8-425.7)	< 0.001
Disposition index (l/mmolglu)	3.5 (2.2-5.8)	2.7 (1.6-4.1)	1.5 (0.7-2.6)	< 0.001
Dysglycaemia	55 (34.8)	152 (47.7)	124 (78.5)	< 0.001

^aData are the mean ± SD, median (q25-q75), or n (%). H/O: History of; BMI: Body mass index; BP: Blood pressure; LDL-C: Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C: High density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance.