Cardiometabolic risk factors in young Indian men and their association with parameters of insulin resistance and beta-cell function

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study cohort

Variable	Total (n = 635)
Age (yr)	33.9 ± 5.1
Education (graduation or beyond)	373 (58.7)
Family H/O Diabetes	245(38.6)
BMI (kg/m2)	26.0 ± 3.9
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2	388 (61.1)
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2	76 (12.0)
Waist circumference (cm) (n = 633)	94.1 ± 9.6
Waist circumference ≥ 90 cm	448 (70.8)
Systolic BP (mmHg) (n = 634)	122.2 ± 12.4
Systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg	46 (7.3)
Diastolic BP (mmHg) (n = 634)	81.5 ± 9.6
Diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg	111 (17.5)
Hypertension	123(19.4)
Hypertension medications (n = 606)	19(3.1)
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) (n = 634)	4.7 ± 1.0
Total cholesterol ≥ 5.2 mmol/L	193 (30.4)
LDL-C (mmol/L) (n = 634)	2.9 ± 0.9
LDL-C ≥ 2.6 mmol/L	378 (59.6)
HDL-C (mmol/L) (n = 634)	1.0 ± 0.3
HDL-C < 1.03 mmol/L	336 (53.0)
Triacylglycerol (mmol/L) (n = 634)	1.6 (1.2-2.2)
Triacylglycerol ≥ 1.7 mmol/L	281 (44.3)
The metabolic syndrome	258 (40.6)
HOMA-IR (mmol/L × µIU/mL)	2.7 (1.9-4.0)
Matsuda index (n = 633)	2.8 (1.9-4.5)
Insulinogenic index (pmolins/mmolglu)	203.2 (109.9-348.2)
Disposition index (l/mmolglu)	2.6 (1.5-4.3)
Dysglycaemia	331 (52.1)
Prediabetes	297(46.8)
Diabetes	34(5.4)
Glucose at 0 min [mmol/L]	5.3 ± 1.2
Glucose at 30 min [mmol/L]	8.8 ± 2.3
Glucose at 120 min [mmol/L]	6.7 ± 2.8
HbA1c%	5.6 ± 0.8
HbA1c mmol/mol	38.1 ± 8.5
Insulin at 0 min [pmol/L]	84.5 (58.3-117.0)
Insulin at 30 min [pmol/L]	719.5 (438.1-1134.8)
Insulin at 120 min (n = 633) [pmol/L]	495.0 (257.2-861.9)
No risk factor	132 (20.8)

Data are the mean ± SD, median (q25-q75), or n (%). H/O: History of; BMI: Body mass index; BP: Blood pressure; LDL-C: Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C: High density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance.