Radial artery access site complications during cardiac procedures, clinical implications and potential solutions: The role of nitric oxide

Table 1 Complications from radial artery puncture

Complication	Frequency (%)
Radial artery spasm[11,18,19,24,26,34-36]	1-34
Radial artery occlusion[11,19,24,26,35-37]	Up to 19.7
Haematoma[11,19,24,35]	Up to 14.4
Dissection[35,36]	Very rare (0.4)
Compartment Syndrome[26,36]	Very rare
Pseudoaneurysm formation[11,19,26,35,36]	Very rare up to 2.78
Infection[19,35]	Up to 3.4
Perforation[26,36]	Very rare