Effects of totally implantable venous access ports on complications and quality of life in gastrointestinal cancer chemotherapy

Table 3 Comparison of insertion characteristics between two groups, n (%)

Parameters	PICC group (n = 199)	TIVAP group (n = 147)	t/χ2	P value
Laterality			0.800	0.371
Right	136 (68.34)	107 (72.79)
Left	63 (31.66)	40 (27.21)
Puncture attempts			0.003	0.953
Yes	7 (3.52)	5 (3.40)
No	192 (96.48)	142 (96.60)
Anesthetic approach			6.872	0.076
No LA	2 (1.01)	3 (2.04)
LA only	168 (84.42)	135 (91.84)
LA and sedation	10 (5.03)	4 (2.72)
General anesthetic	19 (9.55)	5 (3.40)
Tip position			0.035	0.852
Distal SVC/RA	165 (82.91)	123 (83.67)
Others	34 (17.09)	24 (16.33)
Prophylactic antibiotics given			1.910	0.167
Yes	39 (19.60)	38 (25.85)
No	160 (80.40)	109 (74.15)
Type of dressing applied			1.130	0.288
Non-antimicrobial	140 (70.35)	111 (75.51)
Antimicrobial	59 (29.65)	36 (24.49)
Treatment goal			1.025	0.311
Adjuvant	155 (77.89)	121 (82.31)
Palliative	44 (22.11)	26 (17.69)
Operating time (min)	43.41 ± 12.28	41.74 ± 12.62	1.234	0.218

PICC: Peripherally inserted central catheter; TIVAP: Totally implantable venous access ports; LA: Local anesthetic; RA: Right atrium; SVC: Superior vena cava.