Underwater vs conventional endoscopic mucosal resection for nonpedunculated colorectal neoplasms: A randomized controlled trial

Table 4 Study outcomes (per-protocol analysis), n (%)

Outcomes	CEMR (n = 124)	UEMR (n = 122)	P value
En bloc resection			0.0141
Yes	117 (94.4)	122 (100)
No	7 (5.6)	0 (0)
R0			0.007
Yes	112 (90.3)	120 (98.4)
No	12 (9.7)	2 (1.6)
Procedure time (IQR), second	185 (35-900)	65 (15-610)	< 0.0012
Bleeding			0.004
Yes	13 (10.5)	2 (1.6)
No	111 (89.5)	120 (98.4)
Hemoclip (IQR)	3 (1-9)	2 (1-9)	< 0.0012

¹P values were computed with Fisher’s exact test.

²P values were computed with the Mann-Whitney U test.

CEMR: Conventional endoscopic mucosal resection; IQR: Interquartile range; UEMR: Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection.