Underwater vs conventional endoscopic mucosal resection for nonpedunculated colorectal neoplasms: A randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Patient characteristics in the study, n (%)

Characteristics	Total (n = 260)	CEMR (n = 130)	UEMR (n = 130)	P value
Age, median (minimum-maximum)	58 (27-85)	60 (27-83)	59 (32-85)	0.9152
Sex				0.699
Male	165 (63.5)	84 (64.6)	81 (62.3)
Female	95 (36.5)	46 (35.4)	49 (37.7)
Indication for colonoscopy
Abdominal pain	73 (28.1)	42 (32.3)	31 (23.8)	0.129
Screening	60 (23.1)	24 (18.5)	36 (27.7)	0.077
Blood in stool	34 (13.1)	15 (11.5)	19 (14.6)	0.462
Diarrhea	33 (12.7)	17 (13.1)	16 (12.3)	0.852
Constipation	33 (12.7)	17 (13.1)	16 (12.3)	0.852
Post-operative CRC	23 (8.8)	14 (10.8)	9 (6.9)	0.275
Stool change	2 (0.8)	0 (0)	2 (1.5)	0.4981
Weight loss	2 (0.8)	1 (0.8)	1 (0.8)	11
Clinical symptoms
No symptom	85 (32.7)	38 (29.3)	47 (36.1)	0.234
Abdominal pain	74 (28.5)	40 (30.8)	34 (26.2)	0.410
Diarrhea	35 (13.5)	19 (14.6)	16 (12.3)	0.586
Blood in stool	33 (12.7)	17 (13.1)	16 (12.3)	0.852
Constipation	31 (11.9)	15 (11.5)	16 (12.3)	0.848
Weight loss	2 (0.8)	1 (0.8)	1 (0.8)	11
Hypertension	127 (48.8)	62 (47.7)	65 (50)	0.710
Diabetes	20 (7.7)	8 (6.2)	12 (9.2)	0.352
Kidney failure	3 (1.2)	0 (0)	3 (2.3)	0.2471
Personal history of CRC	11 (4.2)	5 (3.8)	6 (4.6)	0.758
Family history of CRC	4 (1.5)	2 (1.5)	2 (1.5)	11

¹P values were computed with Fisher’s exact test.

²P values were computed with the Mann-Whitney U test.

CEMR: Conventional endoscopic mucosal resection; CRC: Colorectal cancer; UEMR: Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection.