Image and intracavitary electrocardiogram-guided arm port placement in colorectal cancer: A retrospective comparative study

Figure 1 Comparison of operation time between experimental and control groups (minutes). ^aP < 0.001. Figure 1 illustrates the significant reduction in operation time achieved by the experimental group (image pre-measurement combined with intracavitary electrocardiogram) compared to the control group (traditional anatomical landmark technique), with particularly notable differences in venous puncture (4.2 ± 1.5 minutes vs 7.3 ± 2.8 minutes, P < 0.001) and catheter placement (7.1 ± 2.0 minutes vs 12.4 ± 3.5 minutes, P < 0.001) phases. Total operation time was markedly shorter in the experimental group (23.6 ± 5.2 minutes vs 31.5 ± 7.8 minutes, P < 0.001), while port placement times showed no significant difference between groups (12.3 ± 3.3 minutes vs 11.8 ± 3.0 minutes, P = 0.245).