Reproductive disturbances among Saudi adolescent girls and young women with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Table 1 Clinical and anthropometric characteristics of the study population

Variables	Frequency (n = 102)	%
Age (yr)
13-19	71 (mean age 15.9 ± 2.72)	69.6
20-29	31 (mean age 23.5 ± 2.41)	30.4
Family History of diabetes
No	60	58.8
Yes	42	41.2
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
No	86	84.3
Yes	16	15.7
Recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis
No	89	87.3
Yes	13	12.7
Complications of diabetes
No	90	88.2
Yes	12	11.8
Age of diagnosis (yr)
1-10	34 (mean 7.1 ± 2.85)	33.3
11-21	68 (mean 13.8 ± 1.99)	66.7
Age of menarche (yr)
9-11	5	4.9
12	50	49
13-16	47	46.1
Menses
Irregular	27	26.5
Regular	75	73.5
Premature ovarian failure
No	101	99
Yes	1	1
Celiac disease
No	95	93.1
Yes	7	6.9
Hashimoto thyroiditis
No	68	66.7
Yes	34	33.3
Dyslipidemia
No	88	86.3
Yes	14	13.7
Hirsutism
No	77	75.5
Yes	25	24.5
Acne
No	83	81.4
Yes	19	18.6
Pelvic ultrasound
Not done	67	66.7
Small ovaries	3	2.9
Normal	11	10.8
PCOS	21	20.6
Testosterone level
Normal	77	75.5
High	25	24.5
Hemoglobin A1C
≤ 7%	13 (mean 6.67 ± 0.57)	12.7
> 7%	89 (mean 9.57 ± 1.78)	87.3

PCOS: Polycystic ovary syndrome.