Vitamin D supplementation reduces infection rate and promotes wound healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers

Table 2 Infection rates and severity in the vitamin D and control cohorts during 12-week intervention period

Infection outcome	VD group (n = 60)	Control group (n = 60)	P value	Absolute risk reduction
Infection incidence (%)	25% (15/60)	45% (27/60)	0.01	20%
Infection rate per 100 patient-days	3.2	5.8	0.01	—
Relative risk reduction	44%	—	—	—
95% confidence interval (infection incidence)	18.0% to 32.0%	36.0% to 54.0%	—	—
Severe infections requiring antibiotics (%)	10% (6/60)	25% (15/60)	0.03	15%
Hospitalization due to infection (%)	5% (3/60)	13% (8/60)	—	8%

The table includes absolute risk reduction values for key outcomes, showing a 20% absolute reduction in overall infection incidence and similar reductions in antibiotic use and hospitalization. VD: Vitamin D.