Impact of longer diabetes duration and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate on cardiovascular complications and mortality: A nationwide population-based study

Table 3 Impact of estimated glomerular filtration rate on ischemic stroke based on diabetes duration

Diabetes duration	eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2	n	Events (n)	Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years)	HR (95%CI)
					Model 11	Model 22	Model 33
New-onset	≥ 90	427078	4615	2.82	1 (Ref.)	1 (Ref.)	1 (Ref.)
	60–90	259089	4627	4.65	1.650 (1.584-1.718)	1.123 (1.077-1.170)	1.111 (1.066-1.158)
	30–60	18770	826	11.83	4.196 (3.897-4.519)	1.578 (1.462-1.702)	1.505 (1.395-1.624)
	< 30	767	41	15.21	5.413 (3.980-7.361)	2.215 (1.628-3.013)	2.114 (1.553-2.876)
	ESKD	757	23	8.21	2.913 (1.934-4.389)	2.048 (1.360-3.086)	2.057 (1.365-3.099)
< 5 yr	≥ 90	291515	4185	3.67	1.297 (1.244-1.353)	1.092 (1.047-1.139)	1.087 (1.042-1.134)
	60–90	193292	4344	5.75	2.031 (1.949-2.117)	1.205 (1.154-1.258)	1.200 (1.149-1.253)
	30–60	21810	1020	12.35	4.374 (4.087-4.681)	1.694 (1.580-1.817)	1.651 (1.539-1.771)
	< 30	904	48	14.93	5.312 (3.997-7.059)	2.289 (1.721-3.043)	2.150 (1.617-2.860)
	ESKD	1079	34	8.63	3.072 (2.192-4.305)	2.251 (1.606-3.155)	2.105 (1.502-2.951)
5–9 yr	≥ 90	219064	4171	4.88	1.726 (1.655-1.800)	1.257 (1.204-1.311)	1.188 (1.138-1.240)
	60–90	173265	4720	7.00	2.474 (2.376-2.577)	1.293 (1.239-1.349)	1.228 (1.176-1.282)
	30–60	27807	1373	13.07	4.625 (4.355-4.913)	1.704 (1.600-1.815)	1.597 (1.499-1.702)
	< 30	1442	104	20.53	7.309 (6.018-8.877)	3.012 (2.478-3.661)	2.730 (2.246-3.319)
	ESKD	1454	71	13.39	4.758 (3.764-6.015)	3.403 (2.691-4.303)	2.986 (2.361-3.778)
≥ 10 yr	≥ 90	201984	5058	6.50	2.304 (2.214-2.398)	1.445 (1.387-1.505)	1.245 (1.193-1.300)
	60–90	200657	7305	9.53	3.375 (3.253-3.502)	1.561 (1.500-1.624)	1.342 (1.287-1.399)
	30–60	55283	3170	15.55	5.520 (5.276-5.776)	1.988 (1.894-2.088)	1.647 (1.565-1.733)
	< 30	5010	405	23.57	8.412 (7.599-9.311)	3.416 (3.081-3.787)	2.689 (2.422-2.985)
	ESKD	4201	356	24.79	8.863 (7.957-9.871)	5.208 (4.672-5.807)	3.948 (3.535-4.409)

¹Unadjusted for age and sex.

²Adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, low-income status, body mass index, and history of hypertension or dyslipidemia.

³Adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, low-income status, body mass index, history of hypertension or dyslipidemia, use of insulin, and ≥ 3 oral glucose-lowering drugs.

eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESKD: End-stage kidney disease; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.