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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Diabetes. Oct 15, 2023; 14(10): 1502-1513
Published online Oct 15, 2023. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i10.1502
Table 1 Definition and examples of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics
Category
Definition
Examples
PrebioticNon-digestible substances utilized by microbiota and confer a benefit to the hostInulin
Lactulose
Fructooligosaccharides
Galactooligosaccharides
ProbioticLive microorganisms that provide a benefit to the hostBifidobacterium
Lactobacillus
SynbioticPrebiotics and probiotics taken together
PostbioticInanimate strains with or without their byproducts that provide a benefit to the hostHeat killed Akkermansia Mucinophila
Heat inactivated Lactobacillus paracasei
Heat-inactivated Bifidobacterium bifidum
Byproduct of the above inanimate strains: Butyrate and Proprionate