Current scenario of traditional medicines in management of diabetic foot ulcers: A review

Table 4 Results of various trials that used aloe and ayurvedic medicines topically

Ref.	Test group	Control group	Results
Panahi et al[93]	AVO cream	Topical phenytoin	At 4 wk, wound healing scores (overall BJUA score, size, depth, slough, adjacent tissue inflammation) in AVO group were significantly better (P < 0.001) than the pre-treatment score and as compared with the phenytoin group
Avijgan et al[94]	Aloe vera ointment with conventional treatment	Only conventional treatment	At 3 mo, 28 (93.3%) patients in aloe vera group vs 14 (46.7%) from control group had complete wound healing (P < 0.05). The overall mean healing time and average cost were significantly lesser in aloe vera group
Najafian et al[95]	Aloevera/ Plantavera major gel (n = 20)	Placebo (n = 20)	After 4 wk, significant reduction of ulcer surface in the Plantavera group than in placebo group (P = 0.039). No statistical difference in ulcer depth
Tamoli et al[109]	Aerosol sprays (containing Panchvalka Kwatha and Jatyadi Taila) (n = 12)	Standard care (n = 14)	BJUA score: 30.59 ± 7.11 on the first day in herbal group, improved to 23.45 ± 8.79, and 15.32 ± 7.63 on days 30 and 90, respectively. In control group, score: 30.58 ± 8.72 and improved to 21.05 ± 9.78 and 14.92 ± 7.69 on days 30 and 90, respectively. Healing time was better in the aerosol spray group
Ajmeer et al[110]	Katupila Kalka (paste of S. leucopyrus leaves) with Tila Taila (sesame oil) (n = 13)	Betadine ointment (n = 10)	Complete healing was noted in 92.3% of cases of group A compared to 20 % of group B. Weekly improvement in exudate and peri-wound skin and size reduction were statistically significant in group A

AVO: Aloe vera-olive oil; BJUA: Bates-Jensen ulcer assessment.