Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is positively correlated with the autophagy level in colon cancer

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v16.i2.314

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Clinical and Translational Research

World J Gastrointest Oncol. Feb 15, 2024; 16(2): 314-330
Published online Feb 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i2.314

Table 1 Basic information of patients expressing cyclin-dependent kinase 9, n (%)

Characteristic	Category	Low expression of CDK9, n = 322	High expression of CDK9, n = 322	P value
T stage	T1	10 (1.6)	10 (1.6)	0.014
	T2	61 (9.5)	50 (7.8)
	T3	225 (35.1)	211 (32.9)
	T4	24 (3.7)	50 (7.8)
N stage	N0	192 (30.0)	176 (27.5)	0.108
	N1	78 (12.2)	75 (11.7)
	N2	49 (7.7)	70 (10.9)
M stage	M0	236 (41.8)	239 (42.4)	0.368
M stage	M1	39 (6.9)	50 (8.9)
Primary therapy outcome	PD	13 (4.2)	20 (6.4)	0.185
	SD	1 (0.3)	4 (1.3)
	PR	10 (3.2)	6 (1.9)
	CR	138 (44.2)	120 (38.5)
Sex	Female	143 (22.2)	158 (24.5)	0.269
Sex	Male	179 (27.8)	164 (25.5)
CEA level	≤ 5	135 (32.5)	126 (30.4)	0.944
CEA level	> 5	81 (19.5)	73 (17.6)
Perineural invasion	No	82 (34.9)	93 (39.6)	0.621
Perineural invasion	Yes	31 (13.2)	29 (12.3)
Lymphatic invasion	No	193 (33.2)	157 (27)	0.008
Lymphatic invasion	Yes	101 (17.4)	131 (22.5)
History of colon polyps	No	192 (34.6)	185 (33.3)	1.000
History of colon polyps	Yes	91 (16.4)	87 (15.7)
Neoplasm type	Colon adenocarcinoma	235 (36.5)	243 (37.7)	0.528
Neoplasm type	Rectum adenocarcinoma	87 (13.5)	79 (12.3)
Age in yr, median (IQR)		68.5 (60.0, 76.8)	67.0 (57.0, 75.0)	0.104

CDK9: Cyclin-dependent kinase 9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; PD: Progressive disease; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease; CR: Complete response; IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 2 Basic information of patients expressing ABCG2, n (%)

Characteristic	Category	*Low expression of ABCG2, n = 322*	*High expression of ABCG2, n = 322*	P value
T stage	T1	15 (2.3)	5 (0.8)	0.114
	T2	54 (8.4)	57 (8.9)
	T3	219 (34.2)	217 (33.9)
	T4	33 (5.1)	41 (6.4)
N stage	N0	209 (32.7)	159 (24.8)	< 0.001
	N1	76 (11.9)	77 (12.0)
	N2	36 (5.6)	83 (13.0)
M stage	M0	239 (42.4)	236 (41.8)	0.111
M stage	M1	36 (6.4)	53 (9.4)
Primary therapy outcome	PD	12 (3.8)	21 (6.7)	0.305
	SD	2 (0.6)	3 (1.0)
	PR	10 (3.2)	6 (1.9)
	CR	129 (41.3)	129 (41.3)
Sex	Female	143 (22.2)	158 (24.5)	0.269
Sex	Male	179 (27.8)	164 (25.5)
CEA level	≤ 5	127 (30.6)	134 (32.3)	0.986
CEA level	> 5	74 (17.8)	80 (19.3)
Perineural invasion	No	90 (38.3)	85 (36.2)	0.351
Perineural invasion	Yes	26 (11.1)	34 (14.5)
Lymphatic invasion	No	192 (33.0)	158 (27.1)	0.007
Lymphatic invasion	Yes	100 (17.2)	132 (22.7)
History of colon polyps	No	182 (32.8)	195 (35.1)	0.510
History of colon polyps	Yes	92 (16.6)	86 (15.5)
Neoplasm type	Colon adenocarcinoma	244 (37.9)	234 (36.3)	0.417
Neoplasm type	Rectum adenocarcinoma	78 (12.1)	88 (13.7)
Age in yr, median (IQR)		68.0 (59.0, 75.8)	68.0 (57.3, 76.0)	0.423

CDK9: Cyclin-dependent kinase 9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; PD: Progressive disease; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease; CR: Complete response; IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 3 Basic information of patients expressing BECN1, n (%)

Characteristic	Category	*Low expression of BECN1, n = 322*	*High expression of BECN1, n = 322*	P value
T stage	T1	11 (1.7)	9 (1.4)	0.599
	T2	58 (9.0)	53 (8.3)
	T3	210 (32.8)	226 (35.3)
	T4	41 (6.4)	33 (5.1)
N stage	N0	179 (28.0)	189 (29.5)	0.523
	N1	76 (11.9)	77 (12.0)
	N2	65 (10.2)	54 (8.4)
M stage	M0	246 (43.6)	229 (40.6)	0.496
M stage	M1	42 (7.4)	47 (8.3)
Primary therapy outcome	PD	16 (5.1)	17 (5.4)	0.775
	SD	2 (0.6)	3 (1.0)
	PR	10 (3.2)	6 (1.9)
	CR	128 (41)	130 (41.7)
Sex	Female	149 (23.1)	152 (23.6)	0.874
Sex	Male	173 (26.9)	170 (26.4)
CEA level	≤ 5	126 (30.4)	135 (32.5)	0.477
CEA level	> 5	68 (16.4)	86 (20.7)
Perineural invasion	No	58 (24.7)	117 (49.8)	0.310
Perineural invasion	Yes	15 (6.4)	45 (19.1)
Lymphatic invasion	No	160 (27.5)	190 (32.6)	0.014
Lymphatic invasion	Yes	131 (22.5)	101 (17.4)
History of colon polyps	No	177 (31.9)	200 (36)	< 0.001
History of colon polyps	Yes	113 (20.4)	65 (11.7)
Neoplasm type	Colon adenocarcinoma	234 (36.3)	244 (37.9)	0.417
Neoplasm type	Rectum adenocarcinoma	88 (13.7)	78 (12.1)
Age in yr, median (IQR)		69.0 (62.0, 77.0)	65.5 (55.3, 75.0)	< 0.001

CDK9: Cyclin-dependent kinase 9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; PD: Progressive disease; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease; CR: Complete response; IQR: Interquartile range.

Citation: Zheng L, Lu J, Kong DL. Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is positively correlated with the autophagy level in colon cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16(2): 314-330
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v16/i2/314.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v16.i2.314