Novel therapeutic approaches targeting L-type amino acid transporters for cancer treatment

Table 1 Summary of studies for expression and functions of LAT1 in cancers

Cancer	Expression (method of detection)	Inhibition of amino acid uptake by	Growth inhibition by	Ref.
Biliary tract	Immunohistochemistry	BCH	BCH	[71]
Bladder	Northernblot (cell line)	BCH		[72]
Bone	Immunohistochemistry			[73]
Brain	Immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR (cell line), Western blot (tissue, cell line)	BCH	BCH	[74,75]
Breast	Immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR (cell line)	BCH	RNAi, BCH	[29,76-78]
Colon	Western blot (cell line)	Knockout (cell line)	Knockout (cell line) JPH203	[12]
Esophagus	Immunohistochemistry			[79,80]
Hepatocyte	Immunohistochemistry			[81]
Gastrointestine	Immunohistochemistry, Western blot (cell line)		RNAi	[23,45]
Laryngeal	Immunohistochemistry			[82]
Leukemia	RT-PCR (cell line)		BCH, JPH203	[33]
Lung	Immunohistochemistry			[41,83-85]
Melanoma	Immunohistochemistry, Microarray (tissue), Western blot (cell line)	BCH		[86,87]
Myeloma	RT-PCR (cell line)	RNAi		[88]
Neuroendocrine	Immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR (tissue), Western blot (tissue)			[89]
Ovarian	Immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR (cell line), Western blot (tissue, cell line)	BCH	BCH	[47,65,90]
Oral	RT-PCR (cell line)	RNAi	RNAi	[25]
Pancreas	Immunohistochemistry Western blot (cell line)	RNAi	RNAi	[24,27,91]
Pleura	Immunohistochemistry			[92]
Prostate	Immunohistochemistry, Western blot (cell line)	RNAi, BCH	RNAi, BCH	[18,19,22,28]
Tongue	Immunohistochemistry			[93]
Thymus	Immunohistochemistry, Western blot (cell line)	JPH203	JPH203	[94,95]
Urinary tract	Immunohistochemistry			[96]

RT-PCR: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; BCH: 2-aminobicyclo (2,2,1) heptane-2-carboxylic acid.