Effectiveness of a standardized nursing pathway in perioperative care for endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastrointestinal tumors

Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between the two groups, n (%)

Indicator	Study group (n = 80)	Control group (n = 80)	t/χ2	P value
Gender			1.616	0.204
Male	48 (60.00)	40 (50.00)
Female	32 (40.00)	40 (50.00)
Age (years)	58.42 ± 10.12	58.90 ± 9.87	0.304	0.762
BMI (kg/m2)	24.36 ± 3.12	24.58 ± 3.05	0.451	0.653
Surgical type			0.227	0.634
Gastric ESD	35 (43.75)	38 (47.50)
Intestinal ESD	45 (56.25)	42 (52.50)
Maximum tumor diameter (cm)	1.85 ± 0.78	1.90 ± 0.82	0.395	0.693
ASA classification			1.911	0.385
Grade I	50 (62.50)	58 (72.50)
Grade II	25 (31.25)	19 (23.75)
Grade III	5 (6.25)	3 (3.75)
NRS 2002 score (points)	1.25 ± 0.68	1.32 ± 0.71	0.637	0.525
History of gastrointestinal disease	22 (27.50)	18 (22.50)	0.533	0.465
Use of anticoagulants/antiplatelet agents	9 (11.25)	12 (15.00)	0.493	0.482

BMI: Body mass index; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; NRS 2002: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002.