Interpretable extracellular vesicle long RNA framework for noninvasive pancreatic cancer diagnosis: A multi-omics artificial intelligence-driven liquid biopsy paradigm

Figure 2 Future multi-omics integration strategy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma liquid biopsy. Created with Picdoc. The integration of extracellular vesicle long RNA, circulating tumor DNA mutations, extracellular vesicle-derived proteins (GPC1 and CD63), and metabolic profiles enables comprehensive molecular characterization. Artificial intelligence-driven fusion of these layers, combined with radiomic features from medical imaging, promises enhanced diagnostic accuracy and minimal residual disease monitoring. EV: Extracellular vesicle; EV-lRNA: Extracellular vesicle long RNA; ctDNA: Circulating tumor DNA; AI: Artificial intelligence; MRD: Minimal residual disease.