High-dose vs standard radiotherapy in rectal cancer: Effects on tumour response, toxicity, and organ preservation

doi:10.4251/wjgo.120904

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Aug 15, 2026; 18(8): 120904
Published online Aug 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.120904

Table 1 Summary of efficacy and safety outcomes for high-dose vs standard-dose radiotherapy in rectal cancer

Outcome	Studies included (n)	Patients (HDRT/SDRT)	Effect model	Pooled effect [RR (95%CI)]	P value	Heterogeneity I² (%)
Tumour response
cCR	4	586 (351/235)	Random	1.34 (1.00-1.80)	0.05	74
pCR	4	531 (261/270)	Fixed	1.07 (0.77-1.50)	0.67	2
TRG 1-2	2	296 (144/152)	Fixed	1.52 (1.16-1.99)	0.002	0
Efficacy
Local recurrence	4	558 (278/280)	Fixed	1.35 (0.81-2.24)	0.25	30
Distant metastasis	3	465 (233/232)	Fixed	0.90 (0.64-1.28)	0.57	0
Organ preservation	4	670 (398/272)	Random	1.17 (0.95-1.43)	0.15	71
Survival
OS	4			NS¹
DFS	4			NS¹
Safety
Grade ≥ 3 toxicity	4	391 (195/196)	Fixed	1.40 (0.90-2.18)	0.13	0

¹NS indicates no statistically significant difference between groups; quantitative pooling was not performed due to heterogeneous follow-up durations (3-5 years).

cCR: Clinical complete response; DFS: Disease-free survival; HDRT: High-dose radiotherapy; I²: I-squared statistic (heterogeneity measure); NS: Not significant; OS: Overall survival; pCR: Pathological complete response; RR: Risk ratio; SDRT: Standard-dose radiotherapy; TRG: Tumour regression grade.

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Citation: Long T, Gao H, He WQ, Xiao WW, Wang XC. High-dose vs standard radiotherapy in rectal cancer: Effects on tumour response, toxicity, and organ preservation. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(8): 120904
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v18/i8/120904.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.120904

Long T, Gao H, He WQ, Xiao WW, Wang XC. High-dose vs standard radiotherapy in rectal cancer: Effects on tumour response, toxicity, and organ preservation. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(8): 120904 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.120904]

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