Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A case report

Table 2 Previous cases of gastric adenocarcinoma suspected or misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Ref.	Age/sex	Endoscopic findings	EUS findings	Diagnostic method	Final diagnosis
Hu et al[24], 2023	64/F	3-cm round SMT-like mass with smooth mucosa	Heterogeneous hypoechoic mass (MP), subtle layer obliteration	ESD	Moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma
Chen et al[25], 2019	48/F	2-cm SMT near cardia with central ulceration and exposed vessel	Not described	Intraoperative frozen section	Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma
Liu et al[26], 2025	60/M	2-cm SMT-like mass at the lesser curvature, smooth overlying mucosa	2.0 cm × 0.8 cm well-defined hypoechoic mass (MP)	ESD	Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma
Lee and Oh[27], 2020	64/F	2-cm lobulated SMT with normal mucosa	19 mm × 11 mm heterogeneous hypoechoic mass (MP), well-circumscribed	Intraoperative frozen biopsy	Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma
Kim et al[28], 2012	57/M	10 cm × 12 cm intraluminal protruding lesion with normal mucosa	Heterogeneous mass (MP) with hyperechoic deposits and necrotic zones	EUS-guided trucut biopsy	Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma
Shin et al[29], 2015	59/F	8-cm protuberant SMT with slight ulceration	Not described	Postoperative pathology	Poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma
Shin et al[29], 2015	68/M	4.8-cm protruding SMT with central ulceration	Not described	Laparoscopic biopsy	Mucinous adenocarcinoma
Li et al[30], 2016	44/M	1-cm sessile polypoid SMT-like lesion with erosion	0.7 cm × 0.8 cm well-defined hypoechoic mass (MP)	ESD with IHC	Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma

EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; SMT: Submucosal tumor; MP: Muscularis propria; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; F: Female; M: Male; IHC: Immunohistochemistry.