Factors associated with complete clinical response after neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: A Mexican retrospective study

Table 1 Clinical, tumor, and neoadjuvant treatment characteristics of the overall cohort (n = 101)

Characteristic	Value
Age (years), mean ± SD (range)	61.7 ± 13.3 (23-85)
Sex
Male	55 (54.5)
Female	46 (45.5)
Clinical stage
II	19 (18.8)
III	82 (81.2)
Tumor size (cm)	7.28 ± 2.52
< 5	22 (21.8)
≥ 5	79 (78.2)
Tumor location
Lower rectum	40 (39.6)
Middle rectum	39 (38.6)
Upper rectum	22 (21.8)
Distance from anal verge (cm)	6.91 ± 3.74
Hemoglobin < 10 g/dL	34 (33.7)
CEA ≥ 5 ng/mL	50 (49.5)
Albumin (g/dL)	4.0 ± 0.59
Leukocytes (× 103/μL)	7.28 ± 5.03
Neoadjuvant radiotherapy	101 (100)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Yes	82 (81.2)
No	19 (18.8)
Complete response	20 (19.8)

Data were showed as mean ± SD or n (%). Complete response is reported descriptively and defined as complete clinical response managed with watch-and-wait or pathological complete response confirmed after surgery. Inferential analyses in this study were focused on complete clinical response. CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.