Process-based nursing using explanation-simulation-practice-communication-support model for pain management after liver cancer intervention

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v18.i7.118632

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jul 15, 2026; 18(7): 118632
Published online Jul 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i7.118632

Table 3 Comparison of psychological status scores between the two groups, mean ± SD

Group	Case	HADS-A		HADS-D
Group	Case	Before	After	Before	After
Control	250	14.95 ± 2.51	8.43 ± 1.82^a	14.01 ± 2.40	7.26 ± 1.76^a
Observation	250	15.09 ± 2.55	7.15 ± 1.57^a	13.98 ± 2.32	6.72 ± 1.49^a
t	-	0.619	8.420	0.142	3.703
P value	-	0.536	< 0.001	0.887	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs the pre-intervention level in the same group.

HADS-A: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety; HADS-D: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression.

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Citation: Qian RH, Xu Y. Process-based nursing using explanation-simulation-practice-communication-support model for pain management after liver cancer intervention. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(7): 118632
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v18/i7/118632.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v18.i7.118632

Qian RH, Xu Y. Process-based nursing using explanation-simulation-practice-communication-support model for pain management after liver cancer intervention. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(7): 118632 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i7.118632]

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