Risk factors for prolonged postoperative ileus in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for prolonged postoperative ileus, n (%)

Variable	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex
Male	Reference	-
Female	0.80 (0.41-1.57)	0.520
Age (years)	0.98 (0.94-1.03)	0.506
BMI (kg/m2)	1.04 (0.94-1.16)	0.413
Smoking history	1.04 (0.51-2.09)	0.921
History of abdominal surgery	1.25 (0.52-3.01)	0.619
Coronary heart disease	0.87 (0.34-2.22)	0.768
mFI-5 ≥ 2	3.36 (1.68-6.73)	0.001	2.31 (1.10-4.86)	0.028
Preop CEA (ng/mL)	0.99 (0.98-1.01)	0.546
Preoperative albumin (g/L)	1.02 (0.96-1.09)	0.443
AJCC staging
I	Reference	-
II	0.45 (0.18-1.17)	0.101
III	0.56 (0.22-1.42)	0.220
ASA score
I	Reference	-
II	0.64 (0.06-7.37)	0.723
III	1.38 (0.12-16.26)	0.798
Auxiliary incision length (cm)	0.82 (0.48-1.42)	0.484
Operation time (minute)	1.00 (0.99-1.00)	0.373
Tumor location
Rectal cancer	Reference	-
Colon cancer	0.55 (0.23-1.3)	0.171
Lymphovascular/perineural invasion	0.74 (0.35-1.58)	0.435
Postoperative opioid use
Yes	2.49 (1.26-4.91)	0.009	2.39 (1.14-5.01)	0.021
No	Reference	-
Postoperative albumin (g/L)	0.98 (0.9-1.06)	0.584
POD 1 fluid (per mL)	1.00 (0.97-1.04)	0.878
POD 2 fluid (per mL)	0.98 (0.93-1.02)	0.303
POD 3 fluid (per mL)	0.99 (0.96-1.02)	0.501
POD 1 K+ (mmol/L)	0.34 (0.16-0.72)	0.005
≥ 3.61	0.14 (0.05-0.41)	< 0.001	0.17 (0.05-0.55)	0.003
< 3.61	Reference	-
POD 1 Ca2+ (mmol/L)	0.55 (0.05-5.71)	0.614
POD 1 NLR	0.96 (0.90-1.03)	0.293
POD 1 PNI	1.00 (0.93-1.06)	0.880
POD 1 SII (per 100)	0.97 (0.94-1.01)	0.114
POD 1 PIV (per 100)	0.99 (0.96-1.03)	0.749

BMI: Body mass index; Pre-op CEA: Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen; mFI-5: Modified 5-item Frailty Index; PPOI: Prolonged postoperative ileus; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; POD 1: Postoperative day 1; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PNI: Prognostic nutritional index; SII: Systemic immune-inflammation index; PIV: Pan-immune-inflammation value; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.