Assessing hepatocellular carcinoma in Nigeria: A multicenter retrospective cohort review of prevalence, risk factors, and treatment outcomes

Table 10 Logistics regression for treatment given against clinical outcome

Predictor	β coefficient	Odds ratio(Exp β)	P value	Interpretation
Intercept	1.95	-	0.006a	Baseline log-odds of disease progression when all predictors are at reference level
Locoregional therapy (yes)	-1.80	0.17	0.040a	Locoregional treatment significantly reduced the odds of disease progression by 83%
Systemic therapy (yes)	-1.25	0.29	0.048a	Patients who received systemic therapy were 71% less likely to progress
Palliative treatment (yes)	0.65	1.91	0.090	Palliative care alone showed a non-significant trend toward higher odds of progression
BCLC stage (per stage increase)	1.10	3.01	< 0.001a	Each higher BCLC stage tripled the odds of disease progression
Performance status (per unit increase)	0.75	2.12	0.003a	Worse performance status doubled the risk of progression
Child-Pugh score (per class increase)	0.58	1.78	0.018a	Worsening liver function significantly increased progression risk

^aStatistically significant.

BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer.