Goosecoid drives colorectal cancer progression by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Figure 3 Goosecoid overexpression enhances malignant phenotypes in colorectal cancer cells. A: Western blotting analysis confirming transduction efficiency of control and goosecoid (GSC)-overexpressing lentiviral vectors in HCT116, HCT8, SW480, and DLD-1 cells; B and C: Colony formation and soft agar assays assessing the proliferative advantage conferred by GSC overexpression; D: Wound healing assay demonstrating accelerated migration in GSC-overexpressing cells. Images of wound closure were taken at the indicated times (0 hour and 48 hours) after scratching. Scale bar, 500 μm; E and F: Transwell migration and invasion assays illustrating the promigratory and pro-invasive effects of GSC overexpression. Scale bar, 100 μm; G: Tube formation assay in HUVECs cultured with conditioned medium from control or GSC-overexpressing colorectal cancer cells. Scale bar, 500 μm. All data represent the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. ^aP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.001. GSC: Goosecoid.