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Retrospective Study
©The Author(s) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Feb 15, 2026; 18(2): 115404
Published online Feb 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i2.115404
Table 6 Model calibration and clinical net benefit assessment
Assessment indicator
Multiphase combined model
Venous phase model
Arterial phase model
Delayed phase model
SMOTE-processed training set (n = 178)
    H-L test χ25.8428.72611.2459.324
    H-L test P value0.6640.3650.1870.316
    Calibration curve slope0.940.890.850.87
    Calibration curve intercept0.080.120.180.15
Validation set (n = 60)
    H-L test χ24.9266.5428.7347.658
    H-L test P value0.7650.5870.3650.468
    Calibration curve slope0.910.860.820.84
    Calibration curve intercept0.110.160.210.19
    Clinical net benefit
    Net benefit at threshold probability 0.250.2240.1920.1580.176
    Avoidable unnecessary surgeries (%)33.728.523.225.6


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