Primary squamous cell carcinoma arising in the liver: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Treatment timeline, imaging follow-up, and clinical outcome

Date	Treatment and medication	Imaging follow-up/clinical outcome
October 23, 2022		Baseline contrast-enhanced CT: The selected target lesion in the left hepatic lobe measured 166.71 mm in longest diameter
November 4, 2022	TACE	/
December 13, 2022	Camrelizumab 200 mg	/
December 25, 2022	TACE	/
March 22, 2023	TACE	/
March 25, 2023	Camrelizumab 200 mg	/
July 24, 2023	/	Target lesion decreased to 95.38 mm (-42.8% from baseline); PR according to RECIST 1.1.
July 28, 2023	TACE	/
November 6, 2023	TACE	/
March 10, 2024	/	Target lesion increased to 116.55 mm (+22.2% from nadir; absolute increase, 21.17 mm), with multiple new intrahepatic lesions; PD according to RECIST 1.1.
March 14, 2024 to March 16, 2024	HAIC, FOLFOX-based regimen	/
April 15, 2024 to April 17, 2024	HAIC, FOLFOX-based regimen	/
After April 17, 2024	Patient declined further antitumor treatment	/
February 2025	Supportive care during hospitalization	Presented with loss of appetite; subsequently died of gastrointestinal bleeding; overall survival was 28 months

All five transarterial chemoembolization sessions were performed using the same regimen: Lipiodol 10 mL, 5-fluorouracil 0.75 g, epirubicin 30 mg, and lobaplatin 40 mg, followed by embolization with gelatin sponge particles. CT: Computed tomography; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; RECIST: Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; PR: Partial response; PD: Progressive disease; HAIC: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy; FOLFOX: Leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin.