Lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer: A review of risk stratification and surgical decision-making

doi:10.4251/wjgo.123261

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Oncol. Oct 15, 2026; 18(10): 123261
Published online Oct 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.123261

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Figure 2 Schematic representation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-driven lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is characterized by loss of epithelial markers and gain of mesenchymal markers, accompanied by activation of transcription factors such as Snail, Slug, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1/2, and Twist. These changes enhance tumor cell motility and invasiveness, facilitating tumor cell dissemination and lymphatic spread. ZEB1/2: Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1/2; PI3K/Akt: Phosphatidylinositol 3’-kinase/protein kinase B; TGF: Transforming growth factor; EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Citation: Xia MT, Zhou Q, Han H, Zhang D, Fan X. Lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer: A review of risk stratification and surgical decision-making. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(10): 123261
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v18/i10/123261.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.123261

Xia MT, Zhou Q, Han H, Zhang D, Fan X. Lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer: A review of risk stratification and surgical decision-making. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(10): 123261 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.123261]

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