Lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer: A review of risk stratification and surgical decision-making

doi:10.4251/wjgo.123261

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Oncol. Oct 15, 2026; 18(10): 123261
Published online Oct 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.123261

Table 2 Absolute indications for endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer according to the Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines 2021

Indication	Histology	Depth	Ulcer status	Tumor size	Treatment
Absolute indication	Differentiated-type adenocarcinoma	Mucosa (cT1a)	UL0	≤ 2 cm	EMR or ESD
Absolute indication	Differentiated-type adenocarcinoma	Mucosa (cT1a)	UL0	> 2 cm	ESD
Absolute indication	Differentiated-type adenocarcinoma	Mucosa (cT1a)	UL1	≤ 3 cm	ESD
Absolute indication	Undifferentiated-type adenocarcinoma	Mucosa (cT1a)	UL0	≤ 2 cm	ESD

ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; EMR: Endoscopic mucosal resection; UL0: Without ulceration; UL1: With ulceration.

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Citation: Xia MT, Zhou Q, Han H, Zhang D, Fan X. Lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer: A review of risk stratification and surgical decision-making. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(10): 123261
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v18/i10/123261.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.123261

Xia MT, Zhou Q, Han H, Zhang D, Fan X. Lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer: A review of risk stratification and surgical decision-making. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(10): 123261 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.123261]

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