Association between gut microbial dysbiosis and clinical prognosis of advanced colorectal cancer

Table 3 Univariate Cox regression analysis of factors influencing overall survival in patients with advanced colorectal cancer

Variable	β	SE	HR	95%CI	P value
Gender (male = 1, female = 0)	0.215	0.247	1.240	0.762-2.017	0.385
Age (≥ 65 years = 1, < 65 years = 0)	0.207	0.239	1.230	0.769-1.967	0.387
BMI (< 18.5 kg/m2 = 1, others = 0)	0.312	0.406	1.366	0.616-3.029	0.443
Smoking history (yes = 1, no = 0)	0.186	0.249	1.204	0.739-1.961	0.456
Drinking history (yes = 1, no = 0)	0.154	0.257	1.166	0.704-1.931	0.549
Hypertension (yes = 1, no = 0)	0.178	0.245	1.195	0.738-1.934	0.468
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (yes = 1, no = 0)	0.286	0.284	1.331	0.762-2.325	0.314
Primary tumor site (rectum = 1, colon = 0)	0.103	0.234	1.108	0.700-1.755	0.660
Maximum tumor diameter (≥ 5 cm = 1, < 5 cm = 0)	0.225	0.235	1.253	0.790-1.986	0.338
Histological differentiation (poor = 1, well/moderate = 0)	0.758	0.300	2.135	1.187-3.840	0.011
TNM staging (IV = 1, IIIB-IIIC = 0)	1.016	0.282	2.763	1.586-4.813	< 0.001
Vascular invasion (positive = 1, negative = 0)	0.700	0.282	2.014	1.159-3.497	0.013
Perineural invasion (positive = 1, negative = 0)	0.656	0.279	1.927	1.117-3.325	0.018
Elevated preoperative CEA (yes = 1, no = 0)	0.327	0.240	1.387	0.866-2.220	0.174
Elevated preoperative CA19-9 (yes = 1, no = 0)	0.349	0.238	1.418	0.889-2.261	0.142
Gut microbial dysbiosis (yes = 1, no = 0)	1.055	0.292	2.872	1.621-5.086	< 0.001
Radical resection (no = 1, yes = 0)	0.974	0.283	2.648	1.517-4.621	< 0.001

BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; HR: Hazard ratio.