Tumor microenvironment-driven microRNA dysregulation: Key interactions in colorectal cancer progression

Table 3 MicroRNA’s modulating colorectal cancer survivor and invasive pathways[31,36,37,39,47,53,58-60,63,70-72,76,77,79,82-84,98,124,152-169]

miR	Expression	Study model	Target genes	Modulated pathways	Ref.
miR-145-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	N-RAS and IRS1	Cell proliferation by AKT inactivation	Yin et al[152]
miR-145-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	CDCA3	Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT	Chen et al[84]
miR-145-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	TWIST1	Migration and invasion	Shen et al[153]
miR-145-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	MAPK1	Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion	Yang et al[154]
miR-145-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	SIP1	Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion	Sathyanarayanan et al[155]
miR-145-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	PAK4	Migration and invasion	Sheng et al[59]
miR-145-5p	Downregulated	In vitro and in vivo	p70S6K1	Tumor growth and angiogenesis by HIF-1 and VEGF	Xu et al[156]
miR-145-5p	Downregulated	In vitro and in vivo	LASP1	Invasion and metastasis	Wang et al[58]
miR-145-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	CXCL1 and ITGA2	Cell proliferation and migration	Zhuang et al[60]
miR-16-5p	Downregulated	In vitro and in vivo	PVT1	Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by VEGFA and p-AKT	Rahmati et al[98]
miR-16-5p	Downregulated	In vitro and in vivo	ITGA2	Apoptosis and tumor growth	Xu et al[36]
miR-16-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	BIRC5	Apoptosis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis	Aslan et al[47]
miR-16-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	FOXK1	Cell proliferation and angiogenesis by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling	Huang et al[37]
miR-16-5p	Downregulated	In vitro and in vivo	HMGA2	Migration, invasion, and EMT by β-catenin pathway	Cai et al[63]
miR-199a-3p	Downregulated	In vitro	PAK4 and BCAR3	Cell proliferation, migration and invasion	Hou et al[70]
miR-199a-3p	Downregulated	In vitro	FN1	EMT by N-cadherin and vimentin	Lin et al[71]
miR-199a-3p	Downregulated	In vitro	NLK	Metastasis	Han et al[72]
miR-199a-3p	Downregulated	In vitro	TGFBR1 and PDGFRB	Cell proliferation by MAPK-signaling	Slattery et al[157]
miR-21-3p	Upregulated	In vitro and in vivo	SMAD7	EMT through the increase of N-cadherin	Jiao et al[39]
miR-21-3p	Upregulated	In vitro	RBPMS	Migration, invasion, and apoptosis by Smad4/ERK signaling	Hou et al[53]
miR-21-5p	Upregulated	In vitro and in vivo	KRIT1	Angiogenesis through β-catenin signaling pathway, VEGFA and CCND1	He et al[31]
miR-21-5p	Upregulated	In vitro and in vivo	PDCD4 and TGFBR2	Stemness promotion by upregulation of β-catenin, c-MYC and cyclin-D1	Yu et al[158]
miR-21-5p	Upregulated	In vitro and in vivo	PTEN	Apoptosis, cell proliferation and invasion	Wu et al[76]; Lin et al[77]
miR-21-5p	Upregulated	In vitro and in vivo	CHL1	Cell proliferation, invasion and tumor growth	Yu et al[79]
miR-21-5p	Downregulated	In vitro	TGFBI	Pyroptosis	Jiang et al[82]
	Downregulated	In vitro	SATB1	Cells sensitive to chemoradiation	Lopes-Ramos et al[83]
miR-4461	Downregulated	In vitro	COPB2	Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion	Chen et al[159]
miR-449a	Downregulated	In vitro	HDAC1, TGFB, SATB2, ADAM10, MYC, and MAPK1	Cell proliferation, invasion and poor survival	Ishikawa et al[160]
miR-519d-3p	Downregulated	In vitro	TROAP	Apoptosis, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion	Ye and Lv[161]
miRNA-31	Upregulated	In vitro	STK40	NF-κB signaling pathway and invasion	Zhu and Xue[162]
miR-200a	Upregulated	In vitro	PTEN	Cell proliferation, migration and invasion	Li et al[163]
miRNA-552	Upregulated	In vitro	PTEN	Poor prognosis	Im et al[164]
miRNA-552	Upregulated	In vitro and in vivo	ADAM28	Cell proliferation, migration and tumor growth	Wang et al[165]
miR-592	Upregulated	In vitro	mTOR and FOXO	Cell proliferation, migration and invasion	Pan et al[166]
miR-708 and miR-31	Upregulated	In vitro	CDKN2B	Cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis resistance	Lei et al[167]
miR-25	Upregulated	In vitro and in vivo	SIRT6	Metastasis through inhibited LIN28B/NRP1 axis	Wang et al[168]
miR-130b-3p	Upregulated	In vitro and in vivo	CHD9	Cell proliferation and tumor growth	Song et al[169]
miRNA-221	Upregulated	In vitro and in vivo	TP53BP2	Cell proliferation through TP53 inhibition	Ali et al[124]

miR: MicroRNA; mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin; AKT: Protein kinase B; EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; HIF: Hypoxia-inducible factor; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; p-AKT: Phospho-protein kinase B; PI3K: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK: Extracellular regulated protein kinases; NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa-B.