Medical travel patterns for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment in South Korea: National Health Insurance data from 2013 to 2021

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109060

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

World J Gastrointest Oncol. Sep 15, 2025; 17(9): 109060
Published online Sep 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109060

Table 1 Patient characteristics according to treatment regions

Characteristics	Different region		Residential region		P value
Characteristics	n/N	%	n/N	%	P value
Age in years
0-39	1258/1938	64.9	680/1938	35.1	< 0.0001^a
40-49	5033/8745	57.6	3712/8745	42.4
50-59	11491/21062	54.6	9571/21062	45.4
60-69	9759/18575	52.5	8816/18575	47.5
70-79	5563/11775	47.2	6212/11775	52.8
≥ 80	1053/2713	38.8	1660/2713	61.2
Sex
Male	26852/50988	52.7	24136/50988	47.3	0.6841
Female	7305/13820	52.9	6515/13820	47.1	0.6841
Residential region
Seoul	401/9879	4.1	9478/9879	95.9	< 0.0001^b
Busan	1923/4777	40.3	2854/4777	59.7
Daegu	758/2780	27.3	2022/2780	72.7
Incheon	1392/3185	43.7	1793/3185	56.3
Gwangju	915/1194	76.6	279/1194	23.4
Daejeon	529/1212	43.6	683/1212	56.4
Ulsan	509/999	51.0	490/999	49.0
Chungcheong	4159/5122	81.2	963/5122	18.8
Gyeonggi	8909/15978	55.8	7069/15978	44.2
Gangwon	1552/2299	67.5	747/2299	32.5
Jeolla	4097/6194	66.1	2097/6194	33.9
Gyeongsang	8279/10042	82.4	1763/10042	17.6
Jeju	726/1147	63.3	421/1147	36.7
Year of diagnosis
2013	4008/7552	53.1	3544/7552	46.9	0.0045^b
2014	3986/7382	54.0	3396/7382	46.0
2015	4047/7501	54.0	3454/7501	46.0
2016	3933/7436	52.9	3503/7436	47.1
2017	3894/7404	52.6	3510/7404	47.4
2018	3817/7204	53.0	3387/7204	47.0
2019	3775/7294	51.8	3519/7294	48.2
2020	3530/6872	51.4	3342/6872	48.6
2021	3167/6163	51.4	2996/6163	48.6
CCI
2	4063/7285	55.8	3222/7285	44.2	< 0.0001^b
3-4	14207/26245	54.1	12038/26245	45.9
≥ 5	15887/31278	50.8	15391/31278	49.2
Income level, quintiles
Medicare	1450/3847	37.7	2397/3847	62.3	< 0.0001^b
1 (low income)	5716/11297	50.6	5581/11297	49.4
2	4747/9474	50.1	4727/9474	49.9
3	5885/11406	51.6	5521/11406	48.4
4	7155/13047	54.8	5892/13047	45.2
5 (high income)	9204/15737	58.5	6533/15737	41.5
Liver cirrhosis
Yes	5611/11054	50.8	5443/11054	49.2	< 0.0001^b
No	28546/53754	53.1	25208/53754	46.9	< 0.0001^b
Extrahepatic metastasis
Yes	3912/7458	52.5	3546/7458	47.5	0.6442
No	30245/57350	52.7	27105/57350	47.3	0.6442

^aP < 0.05 from t-test for continuous variables.

^bP < 0.05 from χ² test for categorical variables.

CCI: Charlson comorbidity index.

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Citation: Kim S, Kim N, Lee HS, Kim M, Kim H, Choi Y. Medical travel patterns for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment in South Korea: National Health Insurance data from 2013 to 2021. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025; 17(9): 109060
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v17/i9/109060.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109060

Kim S, Kim N, Lee HS, Kim M, Kim H, Choi Y. Medical travel patterns for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment in South Korea: National Health Insurance data from 2013 to 2021. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025; 17(9): 109060 [PMID: 40977650 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109060]

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