Investigation of gastrointestinal tumor symptoms and risk factors in eighty patients with Parkinson’s disease

Table 2 Comparison of two groups, mean ± SD

Characteristic	PD with gastrointestinal tumor (n = 16)	PD without gastrointestinal tumor (n = 64)	t/χ² value	P value
Gender (male), n (%)	12 (75.00)	24 (37.50)	5.836	0.016
Age (years)	63.48 ± 4.51	64.51 ± 3.98	0.902	0.370
Onset age (years)	61.32 ± 3.59	61.49 ± 3.67	0.166	0.868
Disease duration	3.69 ± 1.24	1.13 ± 0.29	15.189	< 0.001
Education level			0.044	0.834
Junior high school or below, n (%)	13 (81.25)	51 (79.69)
High school or above, n (%)	3 (18.75)	13 (20.31)
BMI (kg/m²)	23.44 ± 1.13	23.26 ± 1.45	0.462	0.645

PD: Parkinson’s disease; BMI: Body mass index.