Efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization with chemotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors in unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Table 3 Comparison of adverse event rates between the two groups, n (%)

Treatment-related adverse events	Experimental group (n = 41)	Control group (n = 42)	P value
Nausea and vomiting	20 (48.8)	14 (33.3)	0.152
Fever	35 (85.4)	5 (11.9)	< 0.001a
Pain	24 (58.5)	4 (9.5)	< 0.001a
Weakness	13 (31.7)	18 (42.9)	0.294
Diarrhea	9 (22.0)	8 (19.0)	0.743
Constipation	17 (41.5)	19 (45.2)	0.729
Trachyphonia	4 (9.8)	2 (4.8)	0.326
Gingival hemorrhage	7 (17.1)	3 (7.1)	0.146
Hypertension	5 (12.2)	12 (28.6)	0.065
Hand-foot syndrome	15 (36.6)	17 (40.5)	0.716
Hypothyroidism	8 (19.5)	7 (16.7)	0.736
Rash	6 (14.6)	9 (21.4)	0.421
Proteinuria	7 (17.1)	8 (19.0)	0.815

^aP < 0.001.

The experimental group received transarterial chemoembolization combined with chemotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and programmed death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors. The control group received chemotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and programmed death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors without transarterial chemoembolization. Adverse events were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0.