Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Aug 15, 2025; 17(8): 104569
Published online Aug 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i8.104569
Table 4 Self-management efficacy
GroupCasesSelf-stress reduction
Positive attitude
Self-decision making
Total score
Before
After
Before
After
Before
After
Before
After
Control group5027.16 ± 3.7235.24 ± 4.1636.80 ± 6.5451.82 ± 7.126.16 ± 1.249.32 ± 1.5670.12 ± 11.5096.38 ± 12.84
Observation group5027.24 ± 3.9240.18 ± 3.5637.12 ± 6.2160.48 ± 6.366.32 ± 1.2711.18 ± 0.9670.68 ± 11.40118.84 ± 10.88
t0.1056.3800.2516.4140.6377.1800.2459.437
P value0.917< 0.0010.802< 0.0010.525< 0.0010.807< 0.001