Longitudinal changes in body composition during palliative systemic chemotherapy and survival outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer

Table 1 Baseline characteristics, n (%)

	All patients (n = 1805)	No sarcopenia, n = 1720	Sarcopenia, n = 85	P value	No myosteatosis, n = 1247	Myosteatosis, n = 558	P value	No visceral obesity, n = 1146	Visceral obesity, n = 659	P value	No subcutaneous obesity, n = 1135	Subcutaneous obesity, n = 670	P value
Age at diagnosis, years
Median (range)	57 (18-86)	57 (18-86)	65 (20-81)	< 0.001	55 (18-82)	63 (32-86)	< 0.001	56 (18-82)	60 (30-86)	< 0.001	57 (19-82)	57 (18-86)	0.494
Sex				0.535			< 0.001			< 0.001			< 0.001
Male	1121 (62.1)	1065 (61.9)	56 (65.9)		873 (70.0)	248 (44.4)		623 (54.4)	498 (75.6)		944 (83.2)	177 (26.4)
Female	684 (37.9)	655 (38.1)	29 (34.1)		374 (30.0)	310 (55.6)		523 (45.6)	161 (24.4)		191 (16.8)	493 (73.6)
BMI (kg/m2)1
Median (IQR)	22.8 (20.8-25.0)	22.7 (20.7-24.8)	24.8 (22.6-28.0)	< 0.001	22.4 (20.4-24.3)	24.0 (21.9-26.1)	< 0.001	21.5 (19.8-23.2)	25.1 (23.7-27.0)	< 0.001	22.0 (20.0-23.9)	24.4 (22.2-26.7)	< 0.001
Normal (18.5-24.9)	1233 (68.3)	1188 (69.1)	45 (52.9)	< 0.001	908 (72.8)	325 (58.2)	< 0.001	920 (80.3)	313 (47.5)	< 0.001	852 (75.1)	381 (56.9)	< 0.001
Obese (≥ 25.0)	447 (24.8)	407 (23.7)	40 (47.1)		231 (18.5)	216 (38.7)		101 (8.8)	346 (52.5)		160 (14.1)	287 (42.8)
Underweight (< 18.5)	125 (6.9)	125 (7.3)	0 (0.0)		108 (8.7)	17 (3.0)		125 (10.9)	0 (0.0)		123 (10.8)	2 (0.3)
Disease status				0.727			0.986			0.646			0.291
Recurrent	551 (30.5)	527 (30.6)	24 (28.2)		380 (30.5)	171 (30.6)		345 (30.1)	206 (31.3)		336 (29.6)	215 (32.1)
Initially metastatic	1254 (69.5)	1193 (69.4)	61 (71.8)		867 (69.5)	387 (69.4)		801 (69.9)	453 (68.7)		799 (70.4)	455 (67.9)
Primary site				0.729			0.046			0.012			< 0.001
Right colon	407 (22.6)	389 (22.6)	18 (21.2)		266 (21.3)	141 (25.3)		279 (24.3)	128 (19.4)		225 (19.8)	182 (27.2)
Left colon	676 (37.5)	644 (37.4)	32 (37.6)		459 (36.8)	217 (38.9)		411 (35.9)	265 (40.2)		417 (36.7)	259 (38.7)
Rectum	698 (38.7)	665 (38.7)	33 (38.8)		502 (40.3)	196 (35.1)		436 (38.0)	262 (39.8)		478 (42.1)	220 (32.8)
Multifocal/unknown	24 (1.3)	22 (1.3)	2 (2.4)		20 (1.6)	4 (0.7)		20 (1.7)	4 (0.6)		15 (1.3)	9 (1.3)
MSI/MMR status				0.266			< 0.001			0.260			0.430
MSS/pMMR	1203 (66.6)	1151 (66.9)	52 (61.2)		871 (69.8)	332 (59.5)		762 (66.5)	441 (66.9)		769 (67.8)	434 (64.8)
MSI-H/dMMR	57 (3.2)	56 (3.3)	1 (1.2)		39 (3.1)	18 (3.2)		42 (3.7)	15 (2.3)		35 (3.1)	22 (3.3)
Unknown	545 (30.2)	513 (29.8)	32 (37.6)		337 (27.0)	208 (37.3)		342 (29.8)	203 (30.8)		331 (29.2)	214 (31.9)
Lines of therapy				0.031			0.001			0.089			0.929
1	540 (29.9)	504 (29.3)	36 (42.4)		341 (27.3)	199 (35.7)		323 (28.2)	217 (32.9)		338 (29.8)	202 (30.1)
2	730 (40.4)	704 (40.9)	26 (30.6)		514 (41.2)	216 (38.7)		470 (41.0)	260 (39.5)		457 (40.3)	273 (40.7)
≥ 3	535 (29.6)	512 (29.8)	23 (27.1)		392 (31.4)	143 (25.6)		353 (30.8)	182 (27.6)		340 (30.0)	195 (29.1)
Duration of palliative systemic therapy, median (95%CI)	11.9 (11.2-12.6)	12.0 (11.3-12.6)	10.2 (6.0-14.4)	0.143	12.5 (11.6-13.6)	10.7 (9.7-11.9)	0.003	11.9 (10.9-12.7)	12.0 (10.6-13.0)	0.631	11.9 (10.8-12.6)	12.1 (10.9-13.1)	0.392
Palliative first-line regimen				0.489			0.895			0.038			0.504
Bevacizumab-containing	433 (24.0)	415 (24.1)	18 (21.2)		297 (23.8)	136 (24.4)		260 (22.7)	173 (26.3)		263 (23.2)	170 (25.4)
Cetuximab-containing	130 (7.2)	126 (7.3)	4 (4.7)		92 (7.4)	38 (6.8)		74 (6.5)	56 (8.5)		80 (7.0)	50 (7.5)
Chemotherapy only	1242 (68.8)	1179 (68.5)	63 (74.1)		858 (68.8)	384 (68.8)		812 (70.9)	430 (65.3)		792 (69.8)	450 (67.2)
Metastasectomy	249 (13.8)	236 (13.7)	13 (15.3)	0.803	175 (14.0)	74 (13.3)	0.715	160 (14.0)	89 (13.5)	0.842	148 (13.0)	101 (15.1)	0.254

¹World Health Organization Asian-Pacific criteria[23].

BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval; dMMR: Deficient mismatch repair; IQR: Interquartile range; MSI/MMR: Microsatellite instability or mismatch repair status; MSI-H: Microsatellite instability-high; MSS: Microsatellite stable; pMMR: Proficient mismatch repair.