Detecting plasma SHOX2, HOXA9, SEPTIN9, and RASSF1A methylation and circulating cancer cells for cholangiocarcinoma clinical diagnosis and monitoring

Table 1 The clinical characteristics of the 156 patients with cholangiocarcinoma and 98 controls

Clinicopathological data	n	SHOX2 positive	SEPT9 positive	HOXA9 positive	RASSF1A positive	Comprehensive methylation Positive	CTC counts/5 mL
Tumor location
iCCA	33	24.24%	24.24%	42.42%	27.27%	57.58%	10
pCCA	83	21.69%	27.71%	56.63%	27.71%	66.27%	12
dCCA	40	27.5%	32.5%	50%	35%	67.5%	14
iCCA vs dCCA		0.795	0.604	0.638	0.614	0.467	0.342
Gender
Male	87	22.99%	34.48%	47.13%	32.18%	68.97%	13
Female	69	24.64%	20.29%	57.97%	26.09%	59.42%	10
Male vs female		0.851	0.702	0.199	0.481	0.24	0.760
Age at diagnosis
≤ 60 years	91	21.98%	26.37%	41.76%	26.37%	59.34%	11
> 60 years	65	26.15%	30.77%	66.15%	33.85%	72.31%	14
Median age (years)	57
Mean age (years)	59
≤ 60 years vs > 60 years		0.571	0.591	0.195	0.374	0.126	0.276
Tumor stage
I-II	11	9.09%	9.09%	18.18%	9.09%	36.36%	3
III-IV	145	24.83%	29.66%	54.48%	31.03%	66.21%	13
I-II vs III-IV		0.237	0.144	0.020	0.176	0.046	0.001
Lymphatic invasion
L0	105	25.71%	27.62%	48.57%	32.38%	62.86%	4
L1	51	19.61%	29.41%	58.82%	23.53%	68.63%	16
L0 vs L1		0.400	0.815	0.331	0.255	0.479	0.001
Follow-up
Follow up available	43
Median follow-up months	14
Mean follow-up months	17
Range (months)	0-58
Deceased	23
Censored	20
Healthy donors
Male	42	3/42	2	2	3	3	1
Female	28	1/28	1	1	1	1	0
≤ 60 years	51	1	1	0	1	1	0
> 60 years	19	2	2	2	2	2	1
Benign bile duct patients
Male	21	2/21	1	1	1	1	0
Female	7	0	0	0	1	1	0
≤ 60 years	23	2	0	1	2	2	0
> 60 years	5	1	1	1	1	1	0

CTC: Circulating tumor cell; CCA: Cholangiocarcinoma.